Dermatologic Surgery - Map of Content

ๅœ–ไพ‹๏ผš ๐Ÿ“– ๅŽŸๆ–‡๏ผˆ่‹ฑๆ–‡๏ผ‰ใ€€๐ŸŒ ็ฟป่ญฏ๏ผˆไธญๆ–‡ๅฐ็…ง๏ผ‰ใ€€โญ ็ฒพ่ฏ๏ผˆ้‡้ปž็ญ†่จ˜๏ผ‰

I. FUNDAMENTALS

Section 1: Surgical Anatomy, Surface Anatomy, and Cosmetic Subunits

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่กจ้ข่งฃๅ‰–ๅญธ่ˆ‡็พŽๅฎนไบžๅ–ฎไฝ (Surface Anatomy, and Cosmetic Subunits)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡‰้ƒจ็š„้ฌ†ๅผ›็šฎ่†šๅผตๅŠ›็ทš (Relaxed Skin Tension Lines of the Face)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็†่งฃ่‡‰้ƒจ่ˆ‡้ ธ้ƒจ็š„็ญ‹่†œๅนณ้ข (Understanding the Fascial Planes of the Face and Neck)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
SMAS ๅนณ้ข็›ธๅฐ็ผบไน่ก€็ฎก (SMAS plane remains relatively avascular (Fig. 1-7).7)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆทบๅฑค่‚Œ่‚‰่…ฑ่†œ็ณป็ตฑ็š„ๆฆ‚ๅฟต (Concept of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆทบๅฑค้ก้ข็š„ๅœฐๅฝขๅญธๆžถๆง‹ (Topographic framework of the superficial face)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็พŽๅฎนๅ–ฎไฝๅ…ง่ˆ‡ๆ‰‹่ก“็›ธ้—œ็š„่งฃๅ‰–ๅญธ (Surgically relevant anatomy within cosmetic units)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‰้ก (Forehead)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้กณ้ƒจ (Temple)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œถๆทบๅ€่ˆ‡็œผ็žผ (Superficial Orbital Region and Eyelid)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ผป (Nose)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ”‡่ˆ‡้ ฆ (Lips and Chin)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ฐ้ƒจ (Cheek)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ก้ข่‚Œ่‚‰ (Muscles of the Face)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ก้ข็ฅž็ถ“ๅˆ†ๆ”ฏ (Branches of the Facial Nerve)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ธ้ƒจ่งฃๅ‰– (Anatomy of the Neck)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ธ้ƒจไธ‰่ง’ (Triangles of the Neck)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 2: Wound Healing and Surgical Wound Dressings

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๅ‚ทๅฃๆ•ทๆ–™ (Surgical Wound Dressings)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ€ฅๆ€งๅ‚ทๅฃ็™’ๅˆ็š„ไธ‰ๅ€‹้šŽๆฎต (Three Phases of Acute Wound Healing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟๅ‚ทๅฃ็™’ๅˆ็š„ๅ› ็ด  (Factors Affecting Wound Healing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ค‡้›œ็š„ๅ‚ทๅฃ็™’ๅˆ (Complicated Wound Healing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡จๅบŠๆ„็พฉ (Clinical Implications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‚ทๅฃ้–‰ๅˆ (Wound Closure)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญข่ก€ (Hemostasis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ดฐ่Œ่ฒ ่ท้‡็š„็ฎก็† (Management of Bacterial Burden)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‚ทๅฃๆ•ทๆ–™ (Wound Dressings)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ—ๅพฎ็”Ÿ็‰ฉๆ•ทๆ–™ (Antimicrobial Dressings)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฐ้–‰ๆ€งๆ•ทๆ–™ (Occlusive Dressings)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅธๆ”ถๆ€งๆ•ทๆ–™ (Absorptive Dressing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŠ ๅฃ“ๆ€งๆ•ทๆ–™ (Compressive Dressing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‚ทๅฃ็™’ๅˆ่ผ”ๅŠฉ็™‚ๆณ• (Wound-Healing Adjuncts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆๆˆ็šฎ่†šๆ›ฟไปฃ็‰ฉ (Synthetic Skin Substitutes)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ซ˜ๅฃ“ๆฐงๆฒป็™‚ (Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้•ทๆœŸ็›ฃๆธฌ (Long-Term Monitoring)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฉ•ไผฐใ€็—…ไบบๆบ–ๅ‚™่ˆ‡็Ÿฅๆƒ…ๅŒๆ„ (Evaluation, Patient Preparation, and Informed Consent)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่ฉ•ไผฐ (Preoperative Evaluation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบๆฑบๅฎš่ƒฝๅŠ› (Patient Capacity)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ๅฒๅ›ž้กง (History Review)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่บซ้ซ”ๆชขๆŸฅ (Physical examination)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบๆ‰‹่ก“ๅ‰ๆบ–ๅ‚™ (PATIENT PREPARATION FOR SURGERY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็‚บๆ‰‹่ก“ๅšๆบ–ๅ‚™ (Preparing for surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“็š„่ฉณ็ดฐ่ชชๆ˜Ž (Detailed description of the surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไปฅ่‚ฅ็š‚่ˆ‡ๆธ…ๆฐดๆท‹ๆตด๏ผๆธ…ๆด—ๆ‰‹่ก“้ƒจไฝ (Shower/wash the surgical site with soap and water)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฟฝ่นค (Follow-up)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ†ฐๆ•ทใ€ๆŠฌ้ซ˜ (Ice, elevation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ–ฝ่กŒๆ‰‹่ก“ไน‹้†ซ้™ขๅ็จฑ (Name of the hospital where the procedure is to take place)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŸท่กŒ่ฉฒๆ‰‹่ก“็š„้†ซๅธซๅง“ๅ (Name of the practitioner performing the procedure)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบๆˆ–ๅ…ถไปฃ็†ไบบไน‹็ฐฝๅ (Signature of the patient or their representative)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็Ÿฅๆƒ…ๅŒๆ„ (INFORMED CONSENT)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 4: The Surgical Suite

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
็ท’่ซ– (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่จญ่จˆ (Design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆบซๅบฆ (Temperature)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็…งๆ˜Ž (Lighting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆด—ๆ‰‹ๆงฝ (Sinks)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไบบๅ› ๅทฅ็จ‹ๅญธ (Ergonomics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็พŽๅญธ่€ƒ้‡ (Aesthetic considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ€ฅๆ•‘่จญๅ‚™ (Emergency equipment)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆชฏ (The surgical table)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆค…ๅ‡ณ (Surgical stools)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ปๅค–็ง‘่ˆ‡ๆญข่ก€ (Electrosurgery and hemostasis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆข…็ด„ๅผๅ™จๆขฐๅฐ (Mayo stands)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฎ‰ๅ…จ่ˆ‡ๅปขๆฃ„็‰ฉๅฎนๅ™จ (Safety and waste containers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 5: Surgical Instrument Selection

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ™จๆขฐ้ธๆ“‡ (Selection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡็‰‡ๅ™จๆขฐ (Biopsy Instruments)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆฎๅŒ™ (Curettes)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๅˆ€ (Scalpels)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‰ชๅˆ€ (Scissors)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้‘ทๅญ (Forceps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŒ้‡ๅ™จ (Needle Drivers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญข่ก€้‰— (Hemostats)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†šๆ‹‰้‰ค (Skin Hooks)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…ถไป–ๅ™จๆขฐ (Miscellaneous instruments)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้Šณๅ™จๅฎ‰ๅ…จ (Sharps safety)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ™จๆขฐ็ถญ่ญท่ˆ‡ๆป…่Œ (Instrument maintenance and sterilization)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ต„็น”ๅ‰ช๏ผˆๅธธ็”จ Supercut iris ๅ‰ช๏ผ‰ (Tissue scissors (Supercut iris scissors used frequently))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“็”จๅ™จๆขฐๅŒ… (Instrument packs for surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 6: Suture Materials and Needles

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้‡ (Needles)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้‡ (NEEDLES)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ธซ็ทšๆๆ–™ (Suture materials)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฏๅธๆ”ถ็ธซ็ทš (Absorbable sutures)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Polysorb๏ผˆglycolide/lactide ๅ…ฑ่š็‰ฉ๏ผ‰ (Polysorb (glycolide/lactide copolymer))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Monocryl๏ผˆpoliglecaprone๏ผ‰ (Monocryl (poliglecaprone))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
PDS๏ผˆpolydioxanone๏ผ‰ (PDS (polydioxanone))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Caprosyn๏ผˆPolyglytone 6211๏ผ‰ (Caprosyn (Polyglytone 6211))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่…ธ็ทš (Catgut)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธๅฏๅธๆ”ถ็ธซ็ทš (Nonabsorbable)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่šไธ™็ƒฏ็ธซ็ทš (Polypropylene (Prolene, Surgipro))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Novafil ็ธซ็ทš (Novafil (Polybutester))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅค–็ง‘ๆ‰“็ต (SURGICAL KNOT TYING)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 7: Antibiotics: Preoperative and Postoperative Considerations

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่ˆ‡่ก“ๅพŒ่€ƒ้‡ (Preoperative and Postoperative Considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“้ƒจไฝๆ„ŸๆŸ“โ€”โ€”่‡จๅบŠ็‰นๅพต่ˆ‡่จบๆ–ท (Surgical site infectionsโ€”clinical features and diagnosis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‚ทๅฃๅˆ†้กž่ˆ‡ๆ„ŸๆŸ“้ขจ้šช (Wound classification and infection risk)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ„ŸๆŸ“็š„้ขจ้šชๅ› ๅญ (RISK FACTORS FOR INFECTION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้™ไฝŽๆ‰‹่ก“้ƒจไฝๆ„ŸๆŸ“ (SSI) ็š„้ขจ้šช (Minimizing Infectious Risk of SSI)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ้˜ฒๆ€งๆŠ—็”Ÿ็ด ็š„ไฝฟ็”จ (Use of Prophylactic Antibiotics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ—็”Ÿ็ด ้ ้˜ฒ็š„็›ฎๆจ™ (Goals of Antibiotic Prophylaxis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ้˜ฒๆ€งๆŠ—็”Ÿ็ด ็š„้ขจ้šช่ˆ‡ๆˆๆœฌ (Risks and Costs of Prophylactic Antibiotics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ„ŸๆŸ“ๆ€งๅฟƒๅ…ง่†œ็‚Ž็š„ๆŠ—็”Ÿ็ด ้ ้˜ฒ (Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Infective Endocarditis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไบบๅทฅ้—œ็ฏ€็š„ๆŠ—็”Ÿ็ด ้ ้˜ฒ (Antibiotic prophylaxis for prosthetic joints)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ—็”Ÿ็ด ้ธๆ“‡ (Antibiotic selection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†š่Œๅข (Skin flora)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ—็”Ÿ็ด ้ธๆ“‡ (ANTIBIOTIC SELECTION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅค–็”จๆŠ—็”Ÿ็ด  (Topical antibiotics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡ๅฃๅ…งๆŠ—็”Ÿ็ด  (Intraincisional antibiotics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 8: Photography and Digital Technology in Dermatologic Surgery

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†šๅค–็ง‘ไธญ็š„็ง‘ๆŠ€ (Technology in Dermatologic Surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ”ๅฝฑ (PHOTOGRAPHY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ”ๅฝฑๅŸบ็คŽ (Fundamentals of photography)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆจ™ๆบ–ๅŒ– (Standardization)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็›ธๆฉŸ้ธๆ“‡ (Camera selection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆช”ๆกˆๅคงๅฐ่ˆ‡ๆ ผๅผ (File sizes and formats)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
HIPAA ๅˆ่ฆ (HIPAA compliance)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฝฑ็‰‡ๆ“ทๅ– (Video capture)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡‰้ƒจๆ”ๅฝฑ (Facial photography)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่บซ้ซ”ๆ”ๅฝฑ (Body photography)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“้ƒจไฝๆ”ๅฝฑ (Surgical site photography)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”จๆ–ผๅˆ‡็‰‡้ƒจไฝ่พจ่ญ˜็š„ๆ”ๅฝฑ (Photography for biopsy-site identification)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็›ฃๆธฌ (Postoperative monitoring)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ่ทๆ‰‹่ก“ๆœƒ่จบ (Telesurgery consultation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…ถไป–ๆŠ€่ก“ๆ‡‰็”จ (Other Technology Applications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 9: Ethics in Dermatologic Surgery

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅค–็ง‘ (Surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญทๅฒ (HISTORY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ€ซ็†ใ€ๆณ•ๅพ‹ใ€้“ๅพท่ˆ‡ๅฐˆๆฅญ็ฒพ็ฅž (Ethics, law, morality, and professionalism)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŽŸๅ‰‡ไธป็พฉ (Principlism)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ•ˆ็›Šไธป็พฉ (Utilitarianism)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็พฉๅ‹™่ซ–ๅ–ๅ‘ (Deontological approaches)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฌŠๅˆฉ่ซ– (Rights theory)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็†ๆƒณๆŠฑ่ฒ ๅ€ซ็† (Aspirational ethics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบ้šฑ็ง่ˆ‡่‡ชไธปๆฌŠ (Patient privacy and autonomy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็พฉๅ‹™่ˆ‡่ช ๅฏฆ (Duty and honesty)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ณ‡ๆบ้…็ตฆ (Rationing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็พŽๅฎน็šฎ่†šๅค–็ง‘ (Cosmetic dermatologic surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 10: Billing and Financial Considerations in Dermatologic Surgery

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†šๅค–็ง‘ไน‹่€ƒ้‡ (Considerations in Dermatologic Surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ICD-10-CM๏ผš่จบๆ–ท็ทจ็ขผ (ICD-10-CM: diagnostic coding)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‹ฅๆœ‰่…ซ็˜ค็‰น็•ฐๆ€ง็ทจ็ขผๅ‰‡ๅ„ชๅ…ˆไฝฟ็”จ (Use tumor-specific code if available)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅดๆ€งโ€”ๅทฆๆˆ–ๅณ (Lateralityโ€”left or right)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็พ่กŒ็จ‹ๅบ่ก“่ชž๏ผš็จ‹ๅบ็ทจ็ขผ (Current Procedural Terminology: procedural coding)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅธธ่ฆ‹็šฎ่†šๅค–็ง‘ไปฃ็ขผ (Common Dermatologic Surgery Codes)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡็‰‡๏ผš11100 ่ˆ‡ 11101 (Biopsy: 11100 and 11101)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่กจ็šฎๆˆ–็œŸ็šฎ็—…็ถ็š„ๅ‰Š้™ค่ก“๏ผš11300โ€“11313 (Shaving of epidermal or dermal lesions: 11300โ€“11313)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡้™ค่ก“๏ผŒ่‰ฏๆ€ง่ˆ‡ๆƒกๆ€ง๏ผš11400โ€“11646 (Excisions, benign and malignant: 11400โ€“11646)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ปŸ็ต„็น”ๅˆ‡้™ค๏ผˆCPTยฎ ่‚Œ่‚‰้ชจ้ชผ็ซ ็ฏ€๏ผ‰ (Soft tissue excision (musculoskeletal section of CPTยฎ))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไฟฎ่ฃœ (Repairs)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฐกๅ–ฎไฟฎ่ฃœ๏ผš12001โ€“12021 (Simple repair: 12001โ€“12021)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธญๅบฆไฟฎ่ฃœ๏ผš12031โ€“12057 (Intermediate repair: 12031โ€“12057)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ค‡้›œไฟฎ่ฃœ๏ผš13100โ€“13153 (Complex repair: 13100โ€“13153)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ ดๅฃžๆ€งๆฒป็™‚๏ผš17000โ€“17004ใ€17100โ€“17111ใ€17260โ€“17286 (Destruction: 17000โ€“17004, 17100โ€“17111, 17260โ€“17286)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆƒกๆ€ง็—…็ถ็ ดๅฃžๆ€งๆฒป็™‚๏ผš17260โ€“17286 (Malignant destruction: 17260โ€“17286)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่Žซๆฐ้กฏๅพฎๆ‰‹่ก“๏ผš17311โ€“17315 (Mohs micrographic surgery: 17311โ€“17315)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่Žซๆฐๆ‰‹่ก“็š„็‰นๆฎŠๆƒ…ๆณ (Mohs surgery special circumstances)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†šๆ›ฟๆ›ๆ‰‹่ก“๏ผˆ็งปๆค๏ผ‰๏ผš15002โ€“15278 (Skin Replacement Surgery (Grafts): 15002โ€“15278)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ•ด้ซ”ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆœŸ (Global surgical periods)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ่ฟฝ่นคๅฐฑ่จบ (Postoperative follow-up visits)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไฟฎ้ฃพ็ขผ (Modifiers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ€่ˆฌ NCCI edits ๆŒ‡ๅผ• (General NCCI edits guideline)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไฟ้šช็ตฆไป˜ๆ”ฟ็ญ– (Insurance coverage policies)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ๅ…ˆๅ—็›Šไบบ้€š็Ÿฅๆ›ธ (Advanced Beneficiary Notice)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็พŽๅฎน่™•็ฝฎ (Cosmetic procedures)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไฟ้šชๅ…ฌๅธ็š„่ง€้ปž (Insurerโ€™s perspectives)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 11: Clinical Research in Dermatologic Surgery

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†šๅค–็ง‘ (Dermatologic Surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅปบๆง‹่‡จๅบŠ็ ”็ฉถๅ‡่ชช (Formulating a Clinical Research Hypothesis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ“ฌๅฎš็ ”็ฉถ่จˆ็•ซๆ›ธ (Developing the Protocol)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ ”็ฉถ่จญ่จˆ (Study Design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไป‹ๅ…ฅๆ€ง็ ”็ฉถ (Interventional studies)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ ”็ฉถๆ—็พค (Study population)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ„Ÿ่ˆˆ่ถฃ็š„่ฎŠ้ … (Variables of interest)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ตฑ่จˆๆ–นๆณ•ๅญธ (Statistical methodology)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅœ˜้šŠๅฐŽๅ‘็š„่‡จๅบŠ็ ”็ฉถๅ–ๅพ‘ (Team-Based Approach to Clinical Research)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ–นๆณ• (Methods)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ถ“่ฒป่ˆ‡้ ็ฎ—็ทจๅˆ— (Funding and Budgeting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไบบ้ซ”ๅ—่ฉฆ่€…่จ“็ทด (Human Subjects Training)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฉŸๆง‹ๅฏฉๆŸฅๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒ็š„่ง’่‰ฒ (The Role of the Institutional Review Board)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ—่ฉฆ่€…้ขจ้šชไน‹ๆœ€ๅฐๅŒ– (Minimization of risks to subjects)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ—่ฉฆ่€…ไน‹ๅ…ฌๅนณ้ธๅ– (Equitable selection of subjects)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ—่ฉฆ่€…้šฑ็งไน‹ไฟ่ญท (Protection of subjectโ€™s privacy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ ”็ฉถ็ตๆžœไน‹ๅ‚ณๆ’ญ (Disseminating Findings)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

II. SURGICAL PROCEDURES FOR DIAGNOSIS, THERAPY, AND RECONSTRUCTION

Section 12: Local Anesthesia, Regional Nerve Blocks, and Postoperative Pain Management

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ€ๅŸŸ็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท่ˆ‡่ก“ๅพŒ็–ผ็—›่™•็ฝฎ (Regional Nerve Blocks, and Postoperative Pain Management)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญทๅฒ (HISTORY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ตๆง‹ (STRUCTURE)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ†้กž (CLASSIFICATION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไฝœ็”จๆฉŸ่ฝ‰ (Mechanisms of action)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้บป้†‰ๅŠ‘ๆทปๅŠ ็‰ฉ (Anesthetic additives)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่…ŽไธŠ่…บ็ด  (Epinephrine)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ขณ้…ธๆฐซ้ˆ‰ (Sodium bicarbonate)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็Žปๅฐฟ้…ธ้…ถ (Hyaluronidase)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Triamcinolone๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Clindamycin๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็พŽๅฎนๆณจๅฐ„ๅŠ‘ (Cosmetic injectables)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆททๅˆๅ…ฉ็จฎๆˆ–ๅคš็จฎ้บป้†‰ๅŠ‘ (Mixing two or more anesthetics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฑ€้ƒจๅค–็”จ้บป้†‰ๅŠ‘ (Topical anesthetics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅค–็”จ benzocaine (Topical benzocaine)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅค–็”จ lidocaine (Topical lidocaine)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅค–็”จ tetracaine (Topical tetracaine)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Lidocaine tetracaine ๆ’•้™คๅผ่ฒผ่†œ (Lidocaine tetracaine peel)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
EMLA (EMLA)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ†ทๅ‡้บป้†‰ (Cryoanesthesia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ขๅญๅฐŽๅ…ฅๆณ• (Iontophoresis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฑ€้ƒจๆตธๆฝค้บป้†‰ (Local infiltration)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ€ๅŸŸ๏ผˆ็’ฐ็‹€๏ผ‰้˜ปๆ–ท (Field (ring blocks))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œผ็ง‘็”จ้€” (Ophthalmic uses)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œผ้ƒจๆตธๆฝคๆŠ€่ก“ (Ocular infiltrative techniques)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่…ซ่„น้บป้†‰ (Tumescent anesthesia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท (NERVE BLOCKS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ญ้ ธ้ƒจ็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท (HEAD AND NECK NERVE BLOCKS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œถไธŠ่ˆ‡ๆป‘่ปŠไธŠ็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท (Supraorbital and supratrochlear nerve blocks)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œถไธ‹็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท่ก“ (Infraorbital nerve block)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‰็ฏฉ้ชจ๏ผˆ้ผปๅค–๏ผ‰็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท่ก“ (Anterior ethmoidal (external nasal) nerve block)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ฆ็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท่ก“ (Mental nerve block)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่€ณ้กณ็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท่ก“ (Auriculotemporal nerve block)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ธๆฉซ็ฅž็ถ“่ˆ‡่€ณๅคง็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท่ก“ (Transverse cervical and greater auricular nerve blocks)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ››่‚ข็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท่ก“ (Extremity Nerve Blocks)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŒ‡๏ผˆ่ถพ๏ผ‰็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท่ก“ (Digital Blocks)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹้ƒจ่ˆ‡่…•้ƒจ็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท่ก“ (Hand and Wrist Blocks)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ถณ้ƒจ่ˆ‡่ธ้ƒจ็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท่ก“ (Foot and Ankle Blocks)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฑ€้ƒจไธ่‰ฏๅๆ‡‰ (Local Adverse Reactions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…จ่บซๆ€งๅๆ‡‰ (Systemic reactions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Lidocaine ๆฏ’ๆ€ง (Lidocaine toxicity)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Lidocaine ๆฏ’ๆ€ง็š„ๅพต่ฑก (Signs of lidocaine toxicity)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Bupivacaine ๆฏ’ๆ€ง (Bupivacaine toxicity)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅค–็”จ้บป้†‰ๅŠ‘ๅ…จ่บซๆ€งๆฏ’ๆ€ง (Topical anesthetic systemic toxicity)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Epinephrine ๆฏ’ๆ€ง (Epinephrine toxicity)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้Žๆ•ๅๆ‡‰ (Allergic reactions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฎŠๆ€ง่ก€็ด…็ด ่ก€็—‡ (Methemoglobinemia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…’็ซฅ (Children)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‡ทๅญ•่€ƒ้‡ (Pregnancy considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่€ƒ้‡ (Preoperative considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ไธญ่€ƒ้‡ (Intraoperative considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ่€ƒ้‡ (Postoperative considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 13: Suturing Techniques

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŸ‹่—ๅผๅž‚็›ด่คฅๅผ็ธซๅˆ (The buried vertical mattress suture)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŸ‹่—ๅผๆฐดๅนณ่คฅๅผ็ธซๅˆ้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (Buried Horizontal Mattress Suture Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้€€็ฝฎๅผ็œŸ็šฎ็ธซๅˆ (The set-back dermal suture)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้€€็ฝฎๅผ็œŸ็šฎ็ธซๅˆ้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (The Set-back Dermal Suture Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‡ธๅŠ็ธซๅˆ (Suspension suture)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‡ธๅŠ็ธซๅˆ้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (Suspension Suture Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŸ‹่—ๅผๆฐดๅนณ่คฅๅผ็ธซๅˆ (Buried horizontal mattress suture)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŸ‹่—ๅผๅž‚็›ด่คฅๅผ็ธซๅˆ้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (Buried Vertical Mattress Suture Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ญ‹่†œๆ‘บ็–Š็ธซๅˆ (Fascial plication suture)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ญ‹่†œๆ‘บ็–Š็ธซๅˆ้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (Fascial Plication Suture Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŸ‹ๅ…ฅๅผ่ทๅŒ…็ธซๅˆ (Buried purse-string suture)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŸ‹ๅ…ฅๅผ่ทๅŒ…็ธซๅˆ้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (Buried Purse-string Suture Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆป‘่ผช็ธซๅˆ่ฎŠๅŒ–ๅž‹ (Pulley variations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้€ฃ็บŒ็ธซๅˆ่ฎŠๅŒ–ๅž‹ (Running variations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ถ“็šฎ่ฎŠๅŒ–ๅผ็ธซๅˆ (Percutaneous variations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฐกๅ–ฎ้–“ๆ–ท็ธซๅˆ (The simple interrupted suture)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฐกๅ–ฎ้–“ๆ–ท็ธซๅˆ้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (The Simple Interrupted Suture Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅž‚็›ด่คฅๅผ็ธซๅˆ (Vertical mattress suture)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅž‚็›ด่คฅๅผ็ธซๅˆ้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (Vertical Mattress Suture Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฐดๅนณ่คฅๅผ็ธซๅˆ (Horizontal mattress)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฐดๅนณ่คฅๅผ็ธซๅˆ้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (Horizontal Mattress Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฐ–็ซฏ็ธซๅˆ (Tip stitch)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฐ–็ซฏ็ธซๅˆ้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (Tip Stitch Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ทๅŒ…็ธซๅˆ (Purse-string suture)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ทๅŒ…็ธซๅˆ้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (Purse-string Suture Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้€ฃ็บŒ็ธซๅˆ (Running)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้Ž–ๆ‰ฃ็ธซๅˆ (Locking)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 14: Superficial Biopsy Techniques

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“ (Techniques)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้บป้†‰ใ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™่ˆ‡่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท (Anesthesia, preparation, and postoperative care)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆฎ้™คๅˆ‡็‰‡ (Shave)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ขŸๅฝขๅˆ‡้™ค (Saucerization)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฉฟๅญ”ๅ–ๆจฃ (Punch)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‰ช้™คๅ–ๆจฃ (Snip)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡้–‹ๅผๅˆ‡็‰‡ (Incisional biopsy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡้™ค (Excision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ดฐ้‡ๆŠฝๅธ (Fine-needle aspiration)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡็‰‡่ก“็š„็ทจ็ขผ (Coding for biopsies)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‰ฒ็ด ๆ€ง็—…็ถ (Pigmented lesions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…็–ซๆฐด็–ฑๆ€ง็–พ็—… (Immunobullous disease)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ต็ท ็ต„็น”็–พ็—… (Connective tissue disease)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก€็ฎก็‚Ž (Vasculitis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฆฟ้ซฎ (Alopecia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ป่†œ่ˆ‡็”Ÿๆฎ–ๅ™จๅˆ‡็‰‡ (Mucosal and genital biopsies)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 15: Cryosurgery

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
็ท’่ซ– (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ†ทๅ‡ๅŠ‘ (Cryogens)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ™จๆขฐ (Instruments)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“ (Techniques)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไฝœ็”จๆฉŸๅˆถ (Mechanism of Action)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (INDICATIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็–ฃ (Warts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่„‚ๆผๆ€ง่ง’ๅŒ–็—‡ (Seborrheic keratoses)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็’ฐ็‹€่‚‰่Šฝ่…ซ (Granuloma annulare)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…‰ๅŒ–ๆ€ง่ง’ๅŒ–็—‡ (Actinic keratoses)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŸบๅบ•็ดฐ่ƒž็™Œ (Basal cell carcinoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฑ—็‹€็ดฐ่ƒž็™Œ (Squamous cell carcinoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆƒกๆ€งๅฐ็—ฃ (Lentigo maligna)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกๆณข่ฅฟๆฐ่‚‰็˜ค (Kaposi sarcoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 16: Electrosurgery and Hemostasis

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
็ท’่ซ– (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญข่ก€ (Hemostasis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“่ชž (Terminology)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ปๅˆ‡่ก“ (Electrosection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ปๅ‡่ก“ (Electrocoagulation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ป็ผไนพ็‡ฅ่ก“๏ผ้›ปๅผง็ผ็‡’่ก“ (Electrofulguration)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ปไนพ็‡ฅ่ก“ (Electrodesiccation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›™ๆฅต็›ธๅฐๆ–ผๅ–ฎๆฅต้›ปๅค–็ง‘ (Bipolar versus monopolar electrosurgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›™็ซฏ็›ธๅฐๆ–ผๅ–ฎ็ซฏ้›ปๅค–็ง‘ (Biterminal versus monoterminal electrosurgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ขจ้šช่ˆ‡ๆณจๆ„ไบ‹้ … (Risks and Cautions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ป็‡’็ผๅ‚ท (Electrical burns)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ„ŸๆŸ“้ขจ้šช (Infection risk)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œผ็›ๆๅ‚ท (Eye injury)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŒ็บŒๆ€งๅ‡บ่ก€ (Persistent bleeding)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ปๅค–็ง‘่ˆ‡้™คๆฏ› (Electrosurgery and hair removal)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœๆ–นๆณ• (Step-by-Step Approaches)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 17: Incision and Drainage

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบ่ก›ๆ•™่ˆ‡่ฉ•ไผฐ (Patient education and evaluation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ“ไฝœๆต็จ‹ๆฆ‚่ฟฐ (Procedure overview)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡้–‹ (INCISION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ›ฟไปฃๆ–นๆณ• (Alternative approaches)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅผ•ๆต (Drainage)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท (Postprocedure care)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‹ฅๆœ‰ๆŒ‡ๅพตๅฏๆ–ฝๅŠ ๅŠ ๅฃ“ๆ•ทๆ–™ (A compression dressing may be applied if indicated.)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡้–‹ๅผ•ๆต็š„้ขจ้šชๅŠๅ…ถ่™•็† (Risks of I&D and their management)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅผ•ๆตไธ่ถณ (Inadequate drainage)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ„ŸๆŸ“ (Infections)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‡บ่ก€ (Bleeding)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‚ฅๅŽšๆ€ง็–ค็—•ๆˆ–่Ÿน่ถณ่…ซๅฝขๆˆ (Hypertrophic scars or keloid formation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 18: Layered Excisions and Surgical Repairs

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ไฟฎ่ฃœ (Surgical Repairs)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‘ฝๅๆณ• (NOMENCLATURE)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่ฉ•ไผฐ (PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ‚่ง’๏ผšๆขญๅฝข่ˆ‡่ฑๅฝข็ธซๅˆ (The apical angle: fusiform and rhombus closures)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅœฐๅฝขๅญธ/็ซ‹้ซ”่ผชๅป“ (Topography)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็พŽๅฎนไบžๅ–ฎไฝ (Cosmetic subunits)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅผตๅŠ›ๅ‘้‡ (Tension vectors)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡ช็”ฑ็ทฃ (Free margins)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฉ•ไผฐ (Evaluation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฑบๅฎšๅˆ‡้™ค็ฏ„ๅœๅคงๅฐ (Determining excision size)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅญธ็ฟ’็ทšๆ€งไฟฎๅพฉ (LEARNING LINEAR REPAIRS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆŠ€่ก“ (OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆบ–ๅ‚™ (Preparation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆจ™่จ˜ (Marking)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฑ€้ƒจ้บป้†‰ๆตธๆฝค (Local anesthetic infiltration)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡้–‹ (Incision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ต„็น”้‡‹ๆ”พ (Tissue release)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฝ›่กŒๅˆ†้›ข (Undermining)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญข่ก€ (Hemostasis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ธซๅˆ (Suturing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
S ๅฝขๆˆๅฝข่ก“ (S-plasty)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅๅฟƒๅนณ่กŒๅ››้‚Šๅฝข (Eccentric parallelogram)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ–ฐๆœˆๅฝขๅˆ‡้™ค่ˆ‡ๅ…ฉๅด้•ทๅบฆไธ็ญ‰ (Crescentic excisions and sides of unequal length)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅœ“ๅฝข็ผบๆๅˆไฝต็‹—่€ณไฟฎ่ฃœ (Circular defect with dog-ear repair)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅปถ้ฒๆ€ง่ฒ“่€ณไฟฎๅพฉ (Delayed dog-ear repair)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
M ๆˆๅฝข่ก“ (M-plasty)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้žๅ‰้›ขๅผไฟฎๅพฉ (Nonundermined repairs)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ƒจๅˆ†้–‰ๅˆ (Partial closure)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ†ๆœŸ๏ผˆ้€ฃ็บŒ๏ผ‰ๅˆ‡้™ค (Staged (serial) excision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅคšๅ‘้‡ๅˆ‡้™ค (Multidirectional vector excision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Mohs ่ก“ๅพŒไฟฎ่ฃœ็š„็‰นๆฎŠ่€ƒ้‡ (Special considerations for post-Mohs repairs)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œผ็žผ (Eyelids)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ผป้ƒจ (Nose)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ”‡้ƒจ (Lips)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่€ณ้ƒจ (Ears)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ฐ้ƒจ (Cheeks)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‰้ก (Forehead)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ญ็šฎ (Scalp)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ˆ‡่ถณ (Hands and feet)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ่™•็ฝฎ (Postoperative Management)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 19: Dog-Ear Correction

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‚ทๅฃๅนพไฝ• (Wound geometry)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
4:1๏ผŒๅฐ–็ซฏ่ง’ๅบฆไธ่ถ…้Ž 30 ๅบฆ (4:1, with apical angles no more than 30 degrees)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ต„็น”ๅ‹•ๅŠ›ๅญธ (Tissue dynamics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่กจ้ข่ผชๅป“ (Surface contour)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‡ๆ€ง่ฒ“่€ณ (The False Dog Ear)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฒ“่€ณ็งป้™คๆŠ€่ก“ (Techniques for Dog-Ear Removal)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›™ๅดๅˆ‡ๅฃๅปถ้•ทๆŠ€่ก“ (Bilateral-Incision Extension Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธญ็ทšๅˆ‡ๅฃๅปถ้•ทๆŠ€่ก“ (Midline-Incision Extension Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ›ฟไปฃๆ€งไป‹ๅ…ฅๆŽชๆ–ฝ (Alternate Interventions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
M ๆˆๅฝข่ก“ๆ”น่‰ฏๆณ• (M-plasty modification)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
S ๆˆๅฝข่ก“ๆ”น่‰ฏๆณ• (S-plasty modification)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Burow ๆŽจ้€ฒ็šฎ็“ฃ่ˆ‡็šฎ็“ฃๆ”น่‰ฏๆณ• (Burowโ€™s advancement and flap modifications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆธ›ๅฐ‘็Šฌ่€ณ้š†่ตท็š„็ธซๅˆๆŠ€่ก“ (Suturing techniques to decrease dog-ear prominence)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 20: Principles of Flap Dynamics

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‹•ๅŠ›ๅญธ (Dynamics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก€็ฎก่งฃๅ‰– (Vascular Anatomy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‡‰ๅŠ›โ€“ๆ‡‰่ฎŠๆ›ฒ็ทš (Stressโ€“Strain Curve)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก€็ฎกไพ›ๆ‡‰ (Vascular Supply)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้–‰ๅˆ็š„ๅŠ›ๅญธ (Forces of Closure)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็‰ฝๅˆถๅŠ› (Restraint)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ้กžๅž‹๏ผšๆป‘ๅ‹•่ˆ‡ๆŠฌๅ‡ (Flap Types: Sliding and Lifting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŽจ้€ฒ็šฎ็“ฃ็š„ๅ‹•ๅŠ›ๅญธ่ˆ‡็‰ฝๅˆถๅŠ› (Dynamics and Restraint of Advancement Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ—‹่ฝ‰็šฎ็“ฃ็š„ๅ‹•ๅŠ›ๅญธ่ˆ‡็‰ฝๅˆถๅŠ› (Dynamics and Restraint of Rotation Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฝ‰ไฝ็šฎ็“ฃ็š„ๅ‹•ๅŠ›ๅญธ่ˆ‡้™ๅˆถ (Dynamics and Restraint of Transposition Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ’ๅ…ฅ็šฎ็“ฃ็š„ๅ‹•ๅŠ›ๅญธ่ˆ‡้™ๅˆถ (Dynamics and Restraint of Interpolation Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 21: Advancement Flaps

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŽจ้€ฒ็šฎ็“ฃ่จญ่จˆๅŽŸๅ‰‡ (PRINCIPLES OF ADVANCEMENT FLAP DESIGN)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅผตๅŠ›ๅ‘้‡ (Tension vectors)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ซ™็ซ‹้Œ (Standing cones)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ่ก€ๆตไพ›ๆ‡‰ (Flap vascularity)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŠ ๆทฑ็ผบๆ (Deepening the defect)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ธซๅˆๆŠ€่ก“่€ƒ้‡ (Suturing technique considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰ๆบ–ๅ‚™่ˆ‡็—…ไบบ่ก›ๆ•™ (Preoperative preparation and patient counseling)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŽจ้€ฒ็šฎ็“ฃ็š„้กžๅž‹ (TYPES OF ADVANCEMENT FLAPS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Burow ๆฅ”ๅฝข็“ฃ (O-to-L) (Burowโ€™s wedge flap (O-to-L))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
A-to-T ็šฎ็“ฃ (A-to-T flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ–ฎๅดๆŽจ้€ฒ็“ฃ (O-to-U) (Unilateral advancement flap (O-to-U))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›™ๅดๆŽจ้€ฒ็“ฃ (O-to-H) (Bilateral advancement flap (O-to-H))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ–ฐๆœˆๅฝขๆŽจ้€ฒ็“ฃ (Crescentic advancement flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŽจ้€ฒ็šฎ็“ฃ่ˆ‡ๅ…ถไป–้–‰ๅˆๆ–นๅผ็š„ไฝต็”จ (Combining Advancement Flaps with Other Closures)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ‹็œผ็žผๆฐด่…ซ (Lower Eyelid Edema)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็พŽๅฎนไบžๅ–ฎไฝไบค็•Œ็š„็ ดๅฃž (Disruption of Cosmetic Subunit Junctions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆธธ้›ข็ทฃ็š„็งปไฝ (Displacement of Free Margins)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ณชๅœฐๅทฎ็•ฐ (Textural Differences)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 22: Rotation Flaps

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๅ‹•ๅŠ›ๅญธ่ˆ‡่จญ่จˆ (Flap Dynamics and Design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ผป่ƒŒๆ—‹่ฝ‰็šฎ็“ฃ (Dorsal Nasal Rotation Flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…ถไป–้ผป้ƒจๆ—‹่ฝ‰็šฎ็“ฃ (Other Nasal Rotation Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œผ็žผ่ˆ‡็œถไธ‹ๅ€ (Eyelid and Infraorbital Region)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ญ็šฎ (Scalp)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ฆ้ƒจ (Chin)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ฐ้ƒจ (Cheek)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‰้ก่ˆ‡้กณ้ƒจ (Forehead and Temple)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไฝต็™ผ็—‡่ˆ‡่™•็† (Complications and Management)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 23: Transposition Flaps

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฝ‰ไฝ็šฎ็“ฃ่จญ่จˆ่ˆ‡ๅŸท่กŒๅŽŸๅ‰‡ (Principles of Transposition Flap Design and Execution)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้‹็”จๆๅคพ่ฉฆ้ฉ—่พจ่ญ˜ไพ›ๅ€็ต„็น”ๅ„ฒๅบซ (Using the Pinch Test to Identify a Donor Tissue Reservoir)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅผตๅŠ›ๅ‘้‡ (Tension Vectors)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ซ‹้Œ (Dog Ear) ็š„ๆ”พ็ฝฎ่ˆ‡ๅˆ‡้™ค (Placement and Excision of Standing Cones)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟ็šฎ็“ฃ่ก€ไพ›็š„ๅ› ็ด  (Influences on flap vascularity)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๆŽ€่ตท็š„ๆทฑๅบฆ (Depth of flap elevation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ้•ทๅบฆ็›ธๅฐๆ–ผ่’‚้ƒจๅฏฌๅบฆ (The length of the flap relative to the pedicle width)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃไธŠ็š„ๅผตๅŠ› (Tension on the flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็‰นๅฎš่ฝ‰ไฝ็šฎ็“ฃ็š„่€ƒ้‡ (CONSIDERATIONS FOR SPECIFIC TRANSPOSITION FLAPS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ้ข็ฉ่ˆ‡ๅŽŸ็™ผ็ผบๆไน‹ๆฏ”่ผƒ (Surface area of the flap versus the primary defect)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ–ฎ่‘‰่ฝ‰ไฝ็šฎ็“ฃ็š„ๅ…ท้ซ”ๅฏฆไพ‹ (Specific examples of single-lobed transposition flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅคš่‘‰๏ผˆ้›™่‘‰ใ€ไธ‰่‘‰็ญ‰๏ผ‰่ฝ‰ไฝ็šฎ็“ฃ (Multilobed (bilobed, trilobed, etc.) transposition flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅคš่‘‰่ฝ‰ไฝ็šฎ็“ฃ็š„ๅ…ท้ซ”ๅฏฆไพ‹ (Specific examples of multilobed transposition flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
1. ๅปถ้ฒ็งป้™ค็ซ‹้Œ (1. Delaying removal of the standing cone)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 24: Bilobed Flaps

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›™่‘‰็šฎ็“ฃ็š„ๆญทๅฒ่ˆ‡ๆผ”้€ฒ (History and Evolution of the Bilobed Flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›™่‘‰็šฎ็“ฃ็š„ๅ„ช้ปž (Advantages of the Bilobed Flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่จญ่จˆๅŽŸๅ‰‡ (Design Principles)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”Ÿ็‰ฉๅŠ›ๅญธ (Biomechanics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›™่‘‰็šฎ็“ฃ:้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (The bilobed flap: step-by-step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ‰่‘‰็šฎ็“ฃ (Trilobed flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…งๅดๅŸบๅบ•้›™่‘‰็šฎ็“ฃ (Medially based bilobed flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”จๆ–ผๅ…ฉ่™•็ผบๆ็š„้›™่‘‰็šฎ็“ฃ (Bilobed flap for two defects)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅปถ้•ทๅŽŸ็™ผ่‘‰็“ฃ (Lengthening the primary lobe)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้‰ธ้ˆ็šฎ็“ฃ่ˆ‡ๆ”ฏๆ’ๆžถๆง‹ (Hinge flap and supporting framework)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ฆ้ƒจ (Chin)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ผปๆจ‘ๅค–ๅด (Lateral nasal bridge)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œผๅ‘จๅ€ๅŸŸ (Periorbital region)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅคงๅž‹ๆˆ–ๆฐดๅนณ่ตฐๅ‘็š„้ ฐ้ƒจ็ผบๆ (Large or horizontally oriented cheek defects)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่€ณ่ผช็ทฃ (Helical rim)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…ถไป–้ƒจไฝ (Other locations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆๅง‹่จญ่จˆ (Initial design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๅŸท่กŒ (Flap execution)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ผป็ฟผ็ทฃ็งปไฝ (Displacement of the alar rim)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŒ็บŒๆ€ง็ด…ๆ–‘ (Persistent erythema)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆดป้–€ๆ•ˆๆ‡‰่ˆ‡้‡ๅขŠๆ•ˆๆ‡‰ (Trapdooring and pincushioning)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…ง็œฅ่ฎŠๅฝข (Medial canthus distortion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“ (Dermabrasion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 25: Island Pedicle Flaps

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ้ธๆ“‡่ˆ‡่€ƒ้‡ (Flap Choice and Considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
V-Y ๅณถ็‹€่’‚็“ฃ็š„ๆ่ฟฐ (Description of the V-Y Island Pedicle Flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ˆ‡ๅ‚ณ็ตฑๆŽจ้€ฒ็“ฃ็š„ๆฏ”่ผƒ (Comparison to Traditional Advancement Flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅณถ็‹€่’‚็“ฃ็š„ๅ„ช้ปž (Advantages of the Island Pedicle Flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅณถ็‹€ๅธถ่’‚็šฎ็“ฃ็š„็ผบ้ปž (Disadvantages of the Island Pedicle Flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่จญ่จˆ (Design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ็š„ๆ”น่‰ฏ (Flap Modifications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฏŠ้ญšๅผๅณถ็‹€ๅธถ่’‚็šฎ็“ฃ (Shark Island Pedicle)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้šง้“ๅผๅณถ็‹€ๅธถ่’‚็šฎ็“ฃ (Tunneled Island Pedicle Flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฝ‰ไฝๅณถ็‹€่’‚็“ฃ (Transposition island pedicle flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅคš้šŽๆฎตๅณถ็‹€่’‚็“ฃ (Multistaged island pedicle flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 26: Interpolation Flaps

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ—ๆญฃไธญๅ‰้ก็šฎ็“ฃ (PARAMEDIAN FOREHEAD FLAP)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ่จญ่จˆ (Flap design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๆŽ€่ตท (Flap elevation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๅตŒๅ…ฅ (Flap inset)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไพ›ๅ€้–‰ๅˆ (Donor site closure)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒๆŒ‡็คบ (Postoperative instructions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฌฌไบŒๆœŸ (Second stage)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“่ฆ่จฃ (Technique pearls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ฐ่‡ณ้ผปๆ’่ฃœ็šฎ็“ฃ (CHEEK-TO-NOSE INTERPOLATION FLAP)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ่จญ่จˆ (Flap design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๆŽ€่ตท (Flap elevation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๅตŒๅ…ฅ (Flap inset)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒๆŒ‡็คบ (Postoperative instructions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฌฌไบŒ้šŽๆฎต (Second stage)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“่ฆ่จฃ (Technique Pearls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ผปๆ—ๅ…งๆ’็šฎ็“ฃ (Paranasal Interpolation Flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ่จญ่จˆ (Flap Design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๆŽ€่ตท (Flap Elevation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๅตŒๅ…ฅ (Flap Inset)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฌฌไบŒๆœŸๆ‰‹่ก“ (Second stage)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“่ฆ้ปž (Technique pearls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่€ณๅพŒๆ’่ฃœ็šฎ็“ฃ (POSTAURICULAR INTERPOLATION FLAP)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ่จญ่จˆ (Flap design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๆŽ€่ตท่ˆ‡็งปๅ‹• (Flap elevation and mobilization)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๅตŒๅ…ฅ (Flap inset)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒๆŒ‡็คบ (Postoperative instructions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฌฌไบŒ้šŽๆฎต (Second stage)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“่ฆ่จฃ (Technique pearls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Abbรฉ ็šฎ็“ฃ (ABBร‰ FLAP)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ่จญ่จˆ (Flap design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๆŽ€่ตท (Flap elevation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๅตŒๅ…ฅ (Flap inset)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒๆŒ‡็คบ (Postoperative instructions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฌฌไบŒ้šŽๆฎต (Second stage)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“่ฆ้ปž (Technique pearls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Cutlerโ€“Beard ็šฎ็“ฃ (CUTLERโ€“BEARD FLAP)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ่จญ่จˆ (Flap design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๆŽ€่ตท่ˆ‡ๅตŒๅ…ฅ (Flap elevation and inset)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒๆŒ‡็คบ (Postoperative instructions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฌฌไบŒๆœŸๆ‰‹่ก“ (Second stage)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฒป็™‚่ฆ้ปž (Therapeutic pearls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Hughes ็šฎ็“ฃ (HUGHES FLAP)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ่จญ่จˆ (Flap design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๆŽ€่ตท (Flap elevation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃๅตŒๅ…ฅ (Flap inset)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒๆŒ‡็คบ (Postoperative instructions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฌฌไบŒ้šŽๆฎต (Second stage)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฒป็™‚่ฆ้ปž (Therapeutic pearls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 27: Z-Plasty

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญทๅฒๆฒฟ้ฉ (Historical Perspectives)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‡‰็”จ (Applications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Z ๆˆๅฝข่ก“ๆŠ€่ก“ (The Z-plasty Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Z ๆˆๅฝข่ก“่ฎŠๅŒ–ๅž‹ (Z-plasty Variants)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 28: Skin, Cartilage, and Composite Grafts

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ค‡ๅˆ็งปๆค็‰‡ (Composite Grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ†้กž (Classification)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…็†็”Ÿ็†ๅญธ (Pathophysiology)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่ซฎ่ฉข่ˆ‡่€ƒ้‡ (Preoperative Consultation and Considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Ginsengใ€garlicใ€vitamin E๏ผš1 ้€ฑ (Ginseng, garlic, vitamin E: 1 week)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฆๅฟŒ็—‡ (Contraindications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…จๅŽšๅฑคๆค็šฎ (Full-Thickness Skin Grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆค็šฎ้ธๆ“‡ (Graft Selection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“ (Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Burow ๆฐ็งปๆค็‰‡ (Burowโ€™s grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็พŽๅฎน่€ƒ้‡ (Cosmetic considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ†ๅฑคๅŽšๅบฆ็šฎ่†š็งปๆค็‰‡ (SPLIT-THICKNESS SKIN GRAFTS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็งปๆค็‰‡้ธๆ“‡ (Graft selection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“ (Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆธธ้›ข่ปŸ้ชจ็งปๆค (Free Cartilage Grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็งปๆค็‰‡้ธๆ“‡ (Graft Selection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“ (Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ค‡ๅˆ็งปๆค (Composite Grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็งปๆค็‰‡้ธๆ“‡ (Graft selection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“ (Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท (POSTOPERATIVE CARE)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 29: Mohs Micrographic Surgery

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
็ท’่ซ– (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ (Surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ƒจไฝ (Location)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบ็‰นๅพต (Patient Characteristics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่…ซ็˜ค็‰นๅพต (Tumor characteristics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่Žซๆฐ้กฏๅพฎๆ‰‹่ก“็š„่ก“ๅ‰่ฉ•ไผฐ (PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION FOR MOHS MICROGRAPHIC SURGERY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญข่ก€ (Hemostasis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ—ๅ‡่ก€ๅŠ‘ (Anticoagulants)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ้˜ฒๆ€ง็”จ่—ฅ (Prophylactic medications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็†ๅญธๆชขๆŸฅ (Physical Examination)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“ (TECHNIQUE)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆธ›็ฉ (Debulking)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็‚บ้”ๆœ€ไฝณๅˆ†ๅ€่ˆ‡ๅฎšๅ‘ไน‹็ต„็น”ๅˆ‡้™ค (Excising Tissue for Optimal Sectioning and Orientation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ†ๅ€่ˆ‡ๆŸ“ๅขจ (Sectioning and Inking)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ต„็น”ๅฃ“ๅนณ (Tissue flattening)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŒ…ๅŸ‹่ˆ‡ๅ†ทๅ‡ (Embedding and freezing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡็‰‡่ˆ‡็Žป็‰‡ๅ›บๅฎš (Cutting and slide fixation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŸ“่‰ฒ (Staining)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่…ซ็˜ค่ฃฝๅœ–่ˆ‡็Žป็‰‡ๅˆค่ฎ€ (Mapping the tumor and interpreting the slides)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Mohs ๆ‰‹่ก“็›ธ่ผƒๆ–ผๅˆ‡้™ค่ก“็š„ๅ„ชๅ‹ข (Advantages of Mohs Surgery Over Excision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‡บ่ก€ (Bleeding)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ„ŸๆŸ“ (Infection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็–ค็—•ๅฝขๆˆ (Scarring)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฅž็ถ“ๆๅ‚ท (Nerve Damage)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Lidocaine ๆฏ’ๆ€ง (Lidocaine toxicity)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่…ฆๆ “ๅกž (Cerebral emboli)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ–ฐๆ–นๅ‘ (NEW DIRECTIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡ด่ฌ (Acknowledgments)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 30: Advanced Techniques and Special Stains in Mohs Micrographic Surgery

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅธธ่ฆๆŸ“่‰ฒ (Routine Stains)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…็–ซ็ต„็น”ๅŒ–ๅญธๆŸ“่‰ฒ (Immunohistochemical Stains)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ดฐ่ƒž่ง’่›‹็™ฝ (Cytokeratins)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Ber-EP4๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
CD10 (CD10)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
CD34 (CD34)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็™Œ่ƒšๆŠ—ๅŽŸ (Carcinoembryonic antigen)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธŠ็šฎ่†œๆŠ—ๅŽŸ (Epithelial membrane antigen)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Adipophilin (Adipophilin)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไปฅ Mohs ้กฏๅพฎๆ‰‹่ก“ๆฒป็™‚็š„็ฝ•่ฆ‹่…ซ็˜ค (Rare Tumors Treated with Mohs Micrographic Surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้š†็ชๆ€ง็šฎ่†š็บ–็ถญ่‚‰็˜ค (Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไนณๆˆฟๅค–ๆŸๅ“ฒๅพทๆฐ็—… (Extramammary Pagetโ€™s Disease)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅพฎๅ›Šๆ€ง้™„ๅฑฌๅ™จ็™Œ (Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่„‚่…บ็™Œ (Sebaceous Carcinoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้žๅ…ธๅž‹็บ–็ถญ้ปƒ่‰ฒ็˜ค (Atypical fibroxanthoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆข…ๅ…‹็ˆพ็ดฐ่ƒž็™Œ (Merkel cell carcinoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฐๆฑ—่…บๆฑ—ๅญ”็™Œ (Eccrine porocarcinoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้š†็ชๆ€ง็šฎ่†š็บ–็ถญ่‚‰็˜ค (Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไผดๆœ‰็ฅž็ถ“ๅ‘จๅœไพต็Šฏ็š„้ฑ—็‹€็ดฐ่ƒž็™Œ (Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Perineural Invasion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 31: Mohs and Staged Geometric Excision for Lentigo Maligna

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆƒกๆ€งๅฐ็—ฃ็š„ๅนพไฝ•ๅˆ‡้™ค (Geometric Excision for Lentigo Maligna)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡จๅบŠ่กจ็พ (Clinical Presentation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡็‰‡ๆŠ€่ก“ (Biopsy Techniques)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ต„็น”ๅญธ (Histology)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้บๅ‚ณๅญธ (Genetics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ (Surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅปฃๆณ›ๅฑ€้ƒจๅˆ‡้™ค (Wide Local Excisions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ†้šŽๆฎตๅˆ‡้™ค (Staged Excisions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้บตๅŒ…ๅˆ‡็‰‡ๅผๅˆ‡็‰‡ๆณ• (Bread-loaf sectioning)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็•ซๆก†ๅผๅˆ‡็‰‡ๆณ• (โ€œPicture-frameโ€ sectioning)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ผชๅป“ๅˆ‡็‰‡ๆณ• (Contour sectioning)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ”พๅฐ„็‹€ๅˆ‡็‰‡ๆณ• (Radial sectioning)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่Žซๆฐ้กฏๅพฎๆ‰‹่ก“ (Mohs micrographic surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ…ข้€Ÿ่Žซๆฐๆ‰‹่ก“๏ผˆๅˆ†้šŽๆฎตๅˆ‡้™คๆญ้…ๅฟซ้€Ÿๆฐธไน…ๅˆ‡็‰‡๏ผ‰(Slow Mohs (staged excisions with rush permanent sections))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
MART-1/Melan-A (MART-1/Melan-A)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
MiTF (microphthalmia transcription factor)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
SOX10๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ”พๅฐ„ๆฒป็™‚ (RADIATION THERAPY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ–ฎไธ€็™‚ๆณ• (Monotherapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ–ฐ่ผ”ๅŠฉ imiquimod ๅพŒๆŽฅๅˆ†้šŽๆฎตๅˆ‡้™ค (Neoadjuvant imiquimod followed by staged excision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…ถไป–้žๆ‰‹่ก“้ธ้ … (Other Nonsurgical Options)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ขจ้šช-ๆ•ˆ็›Š่ฉ•ไผฐ (Riskโ€“Benefit Calculation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ต่ซ– (Conclusion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆกˆไพ‹ 1 (Case 1)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆกˆไพ‹ 2 (Case 2)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไพ‹ 3 (Case 3)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไพ‹ 4 (Case 4)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไพ‹ 5 (Case 5)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไพ‹ 6 (Case 6)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไพ‹ 7 (Case 7)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไพ‹ 8 (Case 8)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไพ‹ 9๏ผšๅพฉ็™ผๆ€งๆƒกๆ€งๅฐ็—ฃ (Case 9: Recurrent LM)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
J. ไปฅ่งฃๅ‰–ๅˆ€็‰‡ๅฐ‡ๆชข้ซ”ๅ››็ญ‰ๅˆ†ๅˆ‡้–‹ (J. The specimen is quadrisected with a dissecting blade.)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 32: Histopathology for Mohs Micrographic Surgery

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้กฏๅพฎๆ‰‹่ก“ (Micrographic Surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฃๅธธ่งฃๅ‰–ๆง‹้€  (Normal Anatomy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŸบๅบ•็ดฐ่ƒž็™Œ (Basal Cell Carcinoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŽŸไฝ้ฑ—็‹€็ดฐ่ƒž็™Œ (Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Situ)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฑ—็‹€็ดฐ่ƒž็™Œ (Squamous cell carcinoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ป‘่‰ฒ็ด ็˜ค (Melanoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅพฎๅ›Š่…ซ้™„ๅฑฌๅ™จ็™Œ (Microcystic adnexal carcinoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้š†็ชๆ€ง็šฎ่†š็บ–็ถญ่‚‰็˜ค (Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้žๅ…ธๅž‹็บ–็ถญ้ปƒ็˜ค (Atypical fibroxanthoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่„‚่…บ็™Œ (Sebaceous carcinoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 33: Laboratory Techniques for Mohs Micrographic Surgery

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ช่ญ‰ (Accreditation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่จญๅ‚™ (Equipment)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฃ่ผ‰่ˆ‡ๅŒ…ๅŸ‹ๅ‰็š„ๆบ–ๅ‚™ (Preparing for Mounting and Embedding)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŒ…ๅŸ‹ (Embedding)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ•ฃ็†ฑ็‰‡ๆณ• (Heat-sink method)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็Žป็‰‡ๆณ• (Glass-slide method)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Cryomold ๆณ• (Cryomold method)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็Žป็‰‡โ€“Cryomold ๆททๅˆๆณ• (Hybrid glass-slideโ€“cryomold method)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
OCT ่ˆ‡ TFM ไน‹ๆฏ”่ผƒ (OCT versus TFM)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡็‰‡ (Sectioning)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŸ“่‰ฒ่ˆ‡ๅฐ็‰‡ (Staining and Coverslipping)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 34: Nail Surgery

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่งฃๅ‰– (Anatomy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่ฉ•ไผฐ (Preoperative Evaluation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้บป้†‰ (Anesthesia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ็ซฏๆŒ‡ (่ถพ) ้˜ปๆ–ท่ก“ (Distal Digital Block)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฟ‘็ซฏๆŒ‡๏ผˆ่ถพ๏ผ‰็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท่ก“ (Proximal Digital Block)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ถ“่…ฑ้ž˜้˜ปๆ–ท่ก“ (Transthecal Block)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๅ™จๆขฐ (Surgical Instruments)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”ฒๆฟๆ‹”้™ค่ก“ (Avulsion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”ฒๆฏ่ณชๅˆ‡้™ค่ก“ (Matrixectomy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”ฒๅบŠ (Nail Bed)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒๆณจๆ„ไบ‹้ … (Postoperative Considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 35: Surgical Scar Revision

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…็ถๅ…งๆฒป็™‚้€”ๅพ‘ (INTRALESIONAL APPROACHES)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ทๅฐ„่ˆ‡ๅ…‰็…งๆฒป็™‚้€”ๅพ‘ (LASER- AND LIGHT-BASED APPROACHES)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆฒป็™‚ (SURGICAL TREATMENT)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
7).40 (ๆ‰‹่ก“็–ค็—•ไฟฎๆ•ดใƒป็บŒ)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 36: Managing Surgical Complications

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅฐŽ่ซ– (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่€ƒ้‡ (PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็„ฆๆ…ฎ (Anxiety)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฐ้บป้†‰็š„ๅๆ‡‰ (Reaction to Anesthesia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้Žๆ•๏ผๅ…จ่บซๆ€ง้Žๆ•ๅๆ‡‰ (Allergy/Anaphylaxis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ไธญๅ‡บ่ก€ (Intraoperative Bleeding)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ปๅค–็ง‘็›ธ้—œไฝต็™ผ็—‡ (Complications Associated With Electrosurgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็–ผ็—› (Pain)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก€่…ซ (Hematoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‚ทๅฃ่ฃ‚้–‹ (Wound Dehiscence)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†šๅฃžๆญป (Skin Necrosis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ„ŸๆŸ“ (Infection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡ๅฃๅ‚ทๅฃ็š„่†ฟๆ€งๅˆ†ๆณŒ็‰ฉ (Purulent Discharge from the Incisional Wound)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ—็”Ÿ็ด ้ ้˜ฒๆ€งๆŠ•่—ฅ (Antibiotic Prophylaxis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ„Ÿ่ฆบ็ฅž็ถ“ (Sensory Nerves)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ธซ็ทšๅๆ‡‰ (Suture Reaction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŽฅ่งธๆ€ง็šฎ่†š็‚Ž (Contact Dermatitis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้Žๅบฆ่‚‰่Šฝ็ต„็น” (Excessive Granulation Tissue)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†šๅค–็ง‘ๆ‰‹่ก“็š„ๅšด้‡่ก“ๅพŒ้ขจ้šช (Severe Postoperative Risks of Dermatologic Surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“็…™้œง (Surgical Smoke)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้Šณๅ™จๅ‚ท (Sharps Injuries)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 37: Superficial Radiation Therapy and Electronic Brachytherapy

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฒป็™‚่ˆ‡้›ปๅญ่ฟ‘ๆŽฅๆฒป็™‚ (Therapy and Electronic Brachytherapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ž้ป‘่‰ฒ็ด ็˜ค็šฎ่†š็™Œ (Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ”พๅฐ„็‰ฉ็†ๅญธ (Radiation Physics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ญ‰ๆ•ˆๅŠ‘้‡ (Equivalent Dose)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
D = NSD ร— N24 ร— T11๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
E = n(ฮฑd + ฮฒd2)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŠ‘้‡ๆธฌๅฎšโ€”D1/2 ๆฆ‚ๅฟต (DOSIMETRYโ€”THE D1/2 CONCEPT)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ†ๆฌก็†่ซ– (FRACTIONATION THEORY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ†ๆฌก่กจ (FRACTIONATION TABLES)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฒป็™‚ไธญๆ–ท (Treatment Interruptions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็…ง้‡Žๅคงๅฐ (Field Size)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ปๅญๆŸๆฒป็™‚ (Electron Beam Therapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆทบๅฑคๆ”พๅฐ„ๆฒป็™‚่ˆ‡้›ปๅญๆŸไน‹ๆฏ”่ผƒ (Superficial Radiation Therapy versus Electron Beam)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ซ˜ๅŠ‘้‡็އ่ฟ‘ๆŽฅๆฒป็™‚ (High-Dose Rate Brachytherapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ปๅญ่ฟ‘ๆŽฅๆฒป็™‚ (Electronic Brachytherapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
SRT ๆฒป็™‚้ž้ป‘่‰ฒ็ด ็˜ค็šฎ่†š็™Œ็š„่‡จๅบŠ็™‚ๆ•ˆ (Clinical Efficacy of SRT for Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ”พๅฐ„ๆฒป็™‚็š„ๅ‰ฏไฝœ็”จ (Radiation Therapy Side Effects)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ”พๅฐ„ๆฒป็™‚็š„ๆณจๆ„ไบ‹้ … (Radiation Therapy Caveats)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ˆŠๅผ่ˆ‡ๆ–ฐๅผๆ”พๅฐ„่จญๅ‚™ไน‹ๆฏ”่ผƒ (Old vs. New Radiation Devices)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ”พๅฐ„ๆฒป็™‚็”จๆ–ผๅพฉ็™ผๆ€ง่Ÿน่ถณ่…ซ (Use of Radiation Therapy for Recurrent Keloids)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

III. REGIONAL APPROACHES TO RECONSTRUCTION

Section 38: Reconstruction of the Eyelids

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œผ็žผ (Eyelids)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่ฉ•ไผฐ่ˆ‡่™•็ฝฎ (PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่งฃๅ‰– (ANATOMY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œผๅ‘จๅผตๅŠ›็ฎก็† (PERIOCULAR TENSION MANAGEMENT)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œฅๅ›บๅฎš่ก“่ˆ‡ๆ‡ธๅŠ็ธซๅˆ (Canthopexy and Suspension Sutures)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‰ๅฑค็ผบๆ็š„้‡ๅปบ (Reconstruction of Anterior Lamellar Defects)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ทšๆ€งไฟฎ่ฃœ (Linear Repairs)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†š็งปๆค (Skin Grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ (Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ‹็œผ็žผ่ˆ‡ๅค–็œฅ (Lower Lid and Lateral Canthi)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธŠ็œผ็žผ (Upper Lid)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…ง็œฅ (Medial Canthus)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…จๅฑค็œผ็žผไฟฎ่ฃœ (Full-Thickness Eyelid Repairs)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ็ดš็œผ็žผไฟฎ่ฃœ๏ผšๆ–œๅ‘็ธซๅˆๆŠ€่ก“ (Primary Lid Repairs: Diagonal Suture Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“ (Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅค–็œฅๅˆ‡้–‹่ก“่ˆ‡็œฅ้ŸŒๅธถๅˆ‡ๆ–ท่ก“ (Lateral Canthotomy and Cantholysis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“ (Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Tenzel ๅŠๅœ“ๆ—‹่ฝ‰็šฎ็“ฃ (Tenzel Semicircle Rotation Flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“ (Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ่€ƒ้‡ (Postoperative Considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆšซๆ™‚ๆ€ง็œผ็žผ็ธซๅˆ่ก“ (Temporary Tarsorrhaphy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ”น่‰ฏๅผ Frost ็ธซๅˆ (Modified Frost Suture)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅค–็ฟปไฟฎๅพฉ (Ectropion Repair)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่นผ็‹€็•ธๅฝขไฟฎๅพฉ (Web Repair)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 39: Reconstruction of the Nose

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ผป้ƒจ (Nose)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ็ซฏ้ผป้ƒจๆ˜“ๅ—ๅฃ“่ฟซ (The distal nose is vulnerable to compression)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ผป้ƒจ็šฎ่†š็š„ๅŽšๅบฆใ€่ณชๅœฐ่ˆ‡ๅฏๅ‹•ๆ€งๅ„็•ฐ (Nasal skin has varying thickness, texture, and mobility)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้‡ๅปบ่จญ่จˆๅŽŸๅ‰‡ (PRINCIPLES OF RECONSTRUCTIVE DESIGN)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไบŒๆœŸ็™’ๅˆ (Second-Intention Healing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ€ๆœŸ็ธซๅˆ (Primary Closure)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†š็งปๆค (Skin Grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŽจ้€ฒ็šฎ็“ฃ (Advancement Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ—‹่ฝ‰็šฎ็“ฃ (Rotation Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฝ‰ไฝ็šฎ็“ฃ (Transposition Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ’่ฃœ็šฎ็“ฃ (Interpolation Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ’่ฃœ็šฎ็“ฃ โ€” ็ฌฌ 2 ้ƒจๅˆ† (Interpolation Flaps โ€” Part 2)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ’่ฃœ็šฎ็“ฃ โ€” ็ต่ซ– (Interpolation Flaps โ€” CONCLUSIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 40: Reconstruction of the Lips

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ˜ดๅ”‡ (Lips)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”Ÿ็‰ฉ่งฃๅ‰–ๅญธ่ˆ‡็”Ÿ็‰ฉๅŠ›ๅญธ (Bioanatomy and Biomechanics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไฟฎ่ฃœ็›ธ้—œ็•ธๅฝข (Repair-Related Deformities)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅค–ๅดไบžๅ–ฎไฝ (Lateral Subunits)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ƒจๅˆ†ไฟฎ่ฃœ (Partial repairs)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ทšๆ€งไฟฎ่ฃœ (Linear repairs)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ—‹่ฝ‰็šฎ็“ฃ (Rotation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅณถ็‹€ๅธถ่’‚็šฎ็“ฃ (Island pedicle flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ผปๅ”‡ๆบ็šฎ็“ฃ (Nasolabial flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…จๅฑค็šฎ่†š็งปๆค (Full-thickness skin grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆตท้ท—็ฟผ็šฎ็“ฃ (Gull-wing flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฐ็ฝฎๅผๅณถ็‹€ๅธถ่’‚็šฎ็“ฃ (Opposing island pedicle flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไบบไธญ่ˆ‡ไธŠๅ”‡ไธญๅคฎ (Philtrum and central upper lip)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅคงๅž‹ไธŠๅ”‡ๅ‚ทๅฃ (LARGE UPPER LIP WOUNDS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Abbeโ€“Estlander ็šฎ็“ฃ (Abbeโ€“Estlander Flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…จๅฑคๆ–ฐๆœˆๅฝขๆŽจ้€ฒ็šฎ็“ฃ (Full-thickness crescentic advancements)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ด…ๅ”‡็ผบๆ่ˆ‡ๆทบๅฑคๅ‚ทๅฃ (Vermillion defects and shallow wounds)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไผด้šจๅฃ่…”้–‰ๅˆไธๅ…จ็š„ๆทฑๅฑคๅ‚ทๅฃ (Deep wounds with oral incompetence)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฃ่ง’็š„ๅ‚ทๅฃ (Wounds of the Oral Commissure)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 41: Reconstruction of the Ears

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่€ณ (Ears)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่€ณๅป“้‡ๅปบ็š„้—œ้ต่งฃๅ‰–ๅŽŸๅ‰‡ (KEY ANATOMIC PRINCIPLES FOR AURICULAR RECONSTRUCTION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่€ณๆœต็š„่ก€ๆถฒไพ›ๆ‡‰ๅฏ้ ่€Œไธ€่‡ด (The vascular supply of the ear is reliable and consistent)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้‡ๅปบ่จญ่จˆ็š„ๅŽŸๅ‰‡ (Principles of reconstructive design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไบŒๆœŸ็™’ๅˆ (Second Intention Healing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ทšๆ€งไฟฎ่ฃœ (Linear Repair)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†š็งปๆค (Skin Grafting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฅ”ๅฝขไฟฎ่ฃœ (Wedge Repairs)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ (Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฝ‰ไฝ็šฎ็“ฃ (Transposition flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…งๆ’็šฎ็“ฃ (Interpolation flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่€ณๅพŒๅ…งๆ’็šฎ็“ฃ (Postauricular interpolation flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 42: Reconstruction of the Cheeks

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ฐ้ƒจ (Cheeks)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่งฃๅ‰–ๅญธ (ANATOMY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ฐ้ƒจ็šฎ่†šๅ—้ชจ็šฎ้ŸŒๅธถ้Œจๅฎš (The cheek skin is anchored by osseocutaneous ligaments)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ฐ้ƒจๅ…ทๆœ‰่ฑๅฏŒ็š„่ก€ๆถฒไพ›ๆ‡‰ (The cheek has a robust blood supply)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้‡ๅปบ่จญ่จˆๅŽŸๅ‰‡ (Principles of Reconstructive Design)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไบŒๆœŸ็™’ๅˆ (Second Intention Healing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ€ๆœŸ้–‰ๅˆ (Primary Closure)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆค็šฎ (Skin Grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ (Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ โ€” ็ฌฌ 2 ้ƒจๅˆ† (Flaps โ€” Part 2)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ต„ๅˆๅผ้‡ๅปบ (Combination Reconstructions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 43: Reconstruction of the Forehead

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ก้ƒจ (Forehead)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้‡ๅปบๆ–นๆณ• (RECONSTRUCTIVE APPROACHES)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่งฃๅ‰–ๆง‹้€  (ANATOMY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธญๅคฎ้ก้ƒจ้‡ๅปบ (Central Forehead Reconstruction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅค–ๅด๏ผ้กณ้ƒจๅ‰้ก้‡ๅปบ (Lateral/Temporal Forehead Reconstruction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œ‰ๆฏ›้‡ๅปบ (Eyebrow Reconstruction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 44: Reconstruction of the Scalp

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ญ็šฎ (Scalp)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ€่ˆฌ่€ƒ้‡ (GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่ฉ•ไผฐ (PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆ–นๆณ• (SURGICAL APPROACHES)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฌก็ดš็™’ๅˆ (Second intention healing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…จๅฑค็šฎ่†š็งปๆค (Full-thickness skin grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธญๅŽš็šฎ่†š็งปๆค (Split-thickness skin grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆๅ–ๅผ็งปๆค (Pinch Grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ‰็ดš็™’ๅˆ้–‰ๅˆ๏ผˆๅปถ้ฒๆ€งๅˆ็ดš้–‰ๅˆ๏ผ‰(Closure by tertiary intention (delayed primary closure))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ทšๆ€ง็ธซๅˆ (Linear Closure)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็“ฃ (Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ญ‹่†œ็“ฃ (Fascial Flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ญ็šฎๅ‚ทๅฃ็…ง่ญท (Scalp Wound Care)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ญ็šฎๅ‚ทๅฃ็™’ๅˆๅปถ้ฒ (Delayed Wound Healing of the Scalp)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่™•็†้ ญ็šฎๆดปๅ‹•ๅบฆไธ่ถณ็š„่ฆ่จฃ (Pearls on Addressing Scalp Immobility)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็พŽๅญธ่€ƒ้‡ (Aesthetic Considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 45: Reconstruction of the Hands and Feet

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ˆ‡่ถณ (Hands and Feet)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹้ƒจ่งฃๅ‰– (HAND ANATOMY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก€็ฎก่งฃๅ‰– (Vascular anatomy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‚Œ่‚‰่ˆ‡่‚Œ่…ฑ (Muscles and tendons)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅค–ๅœจ่‚Œ (Extrinsic muscles)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…งๅœจ่‚Œ (Intrinsic muscles)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹้ƒจ็ฅž็ถ“ๆ”ฏ้… (Hand innervation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้บป้†‰ๅŠ‘ (Anesthetics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฑ€้ƒจ้˜ปๆ–ท (Local block)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่…•้ƒจ็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท (Wrist blocks)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹ๆŒ‡็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท (Digital blocks)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ถณ้ƒจ่งฃๅ‰– (FOOT ANATOMY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ถณ้ƒจ่ก€็ฎก (Foot vasculature)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ถณ้ƒจ็š„่‚Œ่‚‰่ˆ‡่‚Œ่…ฑ (Muscles and tendons of the foot)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ถณ้ƒจ็ฅž็ถ“ๆ”ฏ้… (Foot innervation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ถณ้ƒจ้บป้†‰ (FOOT ANESTHESIA)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฑ€้ƒจ้˜ปๆ–ท (Local block)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ธ้ƒจ้˜ปๆ–ท (Ankle block)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ถณ่ถพๆŒ‡็ฅž็ถ“้˜ปๆ–ท (Digital block of the toes)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฑ—็‹€็ดฐ่ƒž็™Œ (Squamous cell carcinoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹้ƒจ่ˆ‡่ถณ้ƒจ็š„่‰ฏๆ€ง่…ซ็˜ค (Benign tumors of the hands and feet)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้‡ๅปบๆ–นๆณ• (RECONSTRUCTIVE APPROACHES)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‚‰่Šฝ็”Ÿ้•ท็™’ๅˆ (Granulation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ทšๆ€ง็ธซๅˆ (Linear closure)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…จๅฑค็šฎ่†š็งปๆค (Full-thickness skin grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธญๅŽš็šฎ่†š็งปๆค (Split-thickness skin grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฝ‰ไฝ็šฎ็“ฃ (Transposition flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ—‹่ฝ‰็šฎ็“ฃ (Rotation flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ญ‹่†œ็šฎ็“ฃ (Fasciocutaneous flaps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไบคๆŒ‡็šฎ็“ฃ (Cross-finger flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้€†ๅ‘ไบคๆŒ‡็šฎ็“ฃ (Reverse cross-finger flap)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹้ƒจ้‡ๅปบ็š„ๅ…ถไป–็šฎ็“ฃๆ–นๆณ• (Other flap approaches to hand reconstruction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŒ็จฎ็•ฐ้ซ”็งปๆค็‰ฉ (Allografts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท (Postoperative Care)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

IV. SURGICAL APPROACHES BY DISEASE STATE

Section 46: Melanoma

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่ฉ•ไผฐ (PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ป‘่‰ฒ็ด ็˜ค็š„็šฎ่†šๅˆ‡็‰‡ๆŠ€่ก“ (Cutaneous biopsy techniques for melanoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ป‘่‰ฒ็ด ็˜คๆ‰‹่ก“็จ‹ๅบ็š„้บป้†‰ (Anesthesia for melanoma surgical procedures)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ป‘่‰ฒ็ด ็˜คๅปฃๆณ›ๅˆ‡้™ค็š„ๅค–็ง‘ๅŽŸๅ‰‡ (Surgical principles of wide excision in melanoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‰ๅ“จๆท‹ๅทด็ตๅˆ‡็‰‡็š„้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications for sentinel lymph node biopsy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‰ๅ“จๆท‹ๅทด็ตๅˆ‡็‰‡ๆŠ€่ก“ (Sentinel lymph node biopsy technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆท‹ๅทด็ตๅป“ๆธ…่ก“็š„้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (INDICATIONS FOR LYMPHADENECTOMY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่…‹็ชฉๆท‹ๅทด็ตๅป“ๆธ…ๆŠ€่ก“ (Technique for axillary lymph node dissection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆทบๅฑค่ˆ‡ๅฎŒๆ•ด่…น่‚กๆบๅป“ๆธ…ๆŠ€่ก“ (Technique for superficial and complete groin dissections)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ธ้ƒจๆท‹ๅทดๅป“ๆธ…่ก“ๆŠ€่ก“ (Technique for neck dissection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‚ข้ซ”้ป‘่‰ฒ็ด ็˜คไน‹้š”้›ข่‚ข้ซ”่ผธๆณจ (Isolated limb infusion for extremity melanoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฝ‰็งปๆ€ง้ป‘่‰ฒ็ด ็˜คไน‹ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆฒป็™‚ (Surgical treatment of metastatic melanoma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 47: Dysplastic Nevi

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ƒŒๆ™ฏ (BACKGROUND)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…็†็”Ÿ็†ๅญธ (PATHOPHYSIOLOGY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
CAN ็š„่‡จๅบŠ็‰นๅพต (Clinical features of CAN)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
DN ็š„็ต„็น”ๅญธ็‰นๅพต่ˆ‡็—…็†ๅ ฑๅ‘Š (Histologic features of and pathologic reporting of DN)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฑบๅฎšไฝ•ๆ™‚่ˆ‡ๅฆ‚ไฝ•ๅˆ‡็‰‡ (Deciding when and how to biopsy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็’ฐ้‘ฝๅˆ‡็‰‡/ๅˆ‡้™ค (Punch biopsy/excision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‰Š้™ค/็ขŸ็‹€ๅˆ‡็‰‡่ˆ‡ๅˆ‡้™ค (Shave/saucerization biopsy and excision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ดก้Œ˜ๅฝขๅˆ‡้™ค (Fusiform excision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฑบๅฎšไฝ•ๆ™‚ๅ†ๅˆ‡้™ค DN (Deciding when to reexcise DN)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
CAN/DN ็—…ไบบ็š„ๅ…ถไป–่‡จๅบŠๅปบ่ญฐ (Other Clinical Recommendations for Patients with CAN/DN)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 48: Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†š็™Œ (Cancer)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่™•็ฝฎ้ธ้ … (MANAGEMENT OPTIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ป็‡’็ผ่ˆ‡ๅˆฎ้™ค่ก“ (Electrodessication and curettage)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ†ทๅ‡ๆ‰‹่ก“ (Cryosurgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๅˆ‡้™ค (Excision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Mohs ๅพฎๅ‰ตๆ‰‹่ก“ (Mohs micrographic surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“่€ƒ้‡ (Operative considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
NMSC ็š„่—ฅ็‰ฉๆฒป็™‚ (Medical therapy for NMSC)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
NMSC ็š„ๆ”พๅฐ„ๆฒป็™‚ (Radiation therapy for NMSC)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 49: Keloids

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…็ถๅ…ง็™‚ๆณ• (Intralesional Approaches)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡้™ค (Excision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ”พๅฐ„็ทšๆฒป็™‚ (Radiation Therapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ทๅฐ„ๆฒป็™‚ (Laser Therapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 50: Cysts

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…็†็ต„็น”ๅญธ (HISTOPATHOLOGY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡จๅบŠ่กจ็พ (CLINICAL PRESENTATION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบ่ฉ•ไผฐ่ˆ‡็ฏฉ้ธ (PATIENT EVALUATION AND SELECTION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‹•ๆฉŸ (Motivation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่งฃๅ‰–ไฝ็ฝฎ (Anatomic Location)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…็ถ็—…ๅฒ่ˆ‡็พๆณ (Lesion History and Current State)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ€่ˆฌ่ก“ๅ‰่€ƒ้‡ (General Preoperative Considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ™จๆขฐ (Instruments)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰ๆบ–ๅ‚™่ˆ‡้บป้†‰ (Preoperative Preparation and Anesthesia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่กจ็šฎๅ›Š่…ซ็š„ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆŠ€ๅทง (Surgical technique for epidermal cysts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฒŸ็ฒ’็–น็š„ๅˆ‡้–‹๏ผๆ‘˜้™ค (Incision/extraction of milia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฏ›ๅ›Šๅ›Š่…ซ๏ผˆ้ ญ็šฎ๏ผ‰็š„ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆŠ€ๅทง (Surgical technique for pilar cysts (scalp))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้žๆ‰‹่ก“่™•็ฝฎ (NONSURGICAL MANAGEMENT)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ ด่ฃ‚่ˆ‡ๆถฒๅŒ– (Rupture and liquefaction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็นผ็™ผๆ€งๆ„ŸๆŸ“ (Secondary infection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅพฉ็™ผ (Recurrence)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็˜ข็—•๏ผๆฒพ้ป (Scarring/adhesions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ต„็น”ๅญธ๏ผ่ชค่จบ (Histology/misdiagnosis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 51: Acne

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็‰ฉ็†ๆ€งๅŽป้™ค่ˆ‡้›ปๅค–็ง‘ (Physical Removal and Electrosurgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…็ถๅ…ง้กžๅ›บ้†‡ๆณจๅฐ„ (Intralesional Steroid Injection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ†ทๅ‡ๆฒป็™‚ (Cryotherapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅพฎๆ™ถ็ฃจ็šฎ (Microdermabrasion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŒ–ๅญธๆ›่†š (Chemical Peels)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ทๅฐ„่ˆ‡ๅ…‰็…งๆฒป็™‚ (Lasers and Light-Based Therapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่—ๅ…‰่ˆ‡็ด…ๅ…‰ (Blue and Red Light)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่„ˆ่กๆŸ“ๆ–™้›ทๅฐ„ (Pulsed-Dye Laser)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่„ˆ่กๅ…‰ (Intense Pulsed Light)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฃท้…ธ้ˆฆๆฐง้‰€ (Potassium titanyl phosphate)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฑฝๅŒ–ๅž‹้›ทๅฐ„ (Ablative Lasers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…‰ๅ‹•ๅŠ›ๆฒป็™‚ (Photodynamic therapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…‰ๆฐฃๅ‹•ๆฒป็™‚ (Photopneumatic therapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไปฅๅค–ๆบๆ€ง็™ผ่‰ฒๅœ˜้€ฒ่กŒ็š„ๆจ™้ถๅผๅ…‰็†ฑๅˆ†่งฃ (Targeted photothermolysis with exogenous chromophores)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฐ„้ ป (Radiofrequency)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—ค็˜ก็–ค็—•็š„่™•็ฝฎ (Management of Acne Scarring)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“ (Dermabrasion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ปŸ็ต„็น”ๅกซ่ฃœ่ก“ (Soft-tissue Augmentation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่„‚่‚ช็งป่ฝ‰่ก“ (Fat Transfer)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡ช้ซ”็บ–็ถญๆฏ็ดฐ่ƒž็งปๆค (Autologous fibroblast transfer)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰“ๅญ”ๅˆ‡้™ค่ก“ (Punch excision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎไธ‹ๅˆ†้›ข่ก“ (Subcision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†šๅพฎ้‡ (Skin needling)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŒ–ๅญธๆ›่†š (Chemical peels)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ทๅฐ„ๆ›่†š (Laser resurfacing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…็ถๅ…ง็šฎ่ณช้กžๅ›บ้†‡ (Intralesional corticosteroids)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ดฐ่ƒžๆฏ’ๆ€ง่—ฅๅŠ‘ (Cytotoxic agents)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ”พๅฐ„ๆฒป็™‚ (Radiation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 52: Vitiligo

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบ้ธๆ“‡ (Patient selection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ซฎ่ฉข (CONSULTATION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่ฉ•ไผฐ (Preoperative workup)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ€่ˆฌๆ‰‹่ก“่€ƒ้‡ (GENERAL SURGICAL CONSIDERATIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ƒจไฝๆบ–ๅ‚™ (Site Preparation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไพ›ๅ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ (Donor Site Preparation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ—ๅ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ (Recipient Site Preparation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ•ทๆ–™ (Dressings)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆŠ€่ก“ (Surgical Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ต„็น”็งปๆคๆŠ€่ก“ (Tissue grafting techniques)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ†ๅฑค็šฎ่†š็งปๆค (Split-thickness skin grafting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ—็ขŽ็งปๆค (Smash grafting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠฝๅธๆฐด็šฐ่กจ็šฎ็งปๆค (Suction blister epidermal grafting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฟทไฝ ็งปๆค่ˆ‡ๆ‰“ๅญ”็งปๆค (Minigrafting and punch grafting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฟป่“‹ๅผ็งปๆค (Flip-top grafts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฏ›ๅ›Šๅ–ฎไฝ็งปๆค (Follicular unit transplant)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฏ›ๅ›Šๅ–ฎไฝๆ‘˜ๅ– (Follicular unit extraction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ดฐ่ƒž็งปๆคๆŠ€่ก“ (Cellular grafting techniques)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้žๅŸน้คŠ่กจ็šฎ็ดฐ่ƒžๆ‡ธๆตฎๆถฒ (Noncultured epidermal cell suspensions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŸน้คŠ้ป‘่‰ฒ็ด ็ดฐ่ƒžๆ‡ธๆตฎๆถฒ (Cultured melanocyte suspensions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŸน้คŠ่กจ็šฎๆ‡ธๆตฎๆถฒ (Cultured epidermal suspensions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฏ›ๅ›Šๅค–ๆ น้ž˜็ดฐ่ƒžๆ‡ธๆตฎๆถฒ (Hair follicle outer root sheath cell suspensions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท (Postoperative care)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ่ฉ•ไผฐ (POSTOPERATIVE EVALUATION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ่€ƒ้‡่ˆ‡่ผ”ๅŠฉๆฒป็™‚ (Postoperative considerations and adjuvant treatments)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅพฎ่‰ฒ็ด ๆคๅ…ฅ่ก“๏ผˆ็ด‹่บซ๏ผ‰(Micropigmentation (tattooing))๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ทๅฐ„ไป‹ๅฐŽๅŽป่‰ฒ็ด ๆฒป็™‚ (Laser-mediated depigmentation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 53: Chronic Wounds

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆธ…ๅ‰ต (DEBRIDEMENT)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้‡่ฆๆ€ง (Importance)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆธ…ๅ‰ต (Surgical Debridement)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้žๆ‰‹่ก“ๆธ…ๅ‰ตๆ–นๆณ• (Nonsurgical Methods of Debridement)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†š็งปๆค (Skin Grafting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ†ๅฑคๅŽšๅบฆ็šฎ่†š็งปๆค (Split-thickness skin grafting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…จๅฑคๅŽšๅบฆ็šฎ่†š็งปๆค (Full-thickness skin grafting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†šๆ›ฟไปฃ็‰ฉ (Skin Substitutes)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›™ๅฑคๆดป็ดฐ่ƒžๆง‹็ฏ‰็‰ฉ (BLCC)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
PSIS (PSIS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไฝต็™ผ็—‡่ˆ‡้™ๅˆถ (Complications and limitations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‰Šๅˆฎๆฒป็™‚ (SHAVE THERAPY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
V-Y ็šฎ็“ฃ (THE V-Y FLAP)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฆๅฟŒ็—‡ (Contraindications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ“ไฝœๆŠ€่ก“ (Procedural technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไฝต็™ผ็—‡่ˆ‡้™ๅˆถ (Complications and limitations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅพŒ็บŒ็…ง่ญท (Follow-up care)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 54: Hidradenitis Suppurativa

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŒ–่†ฟๆ€งๆฑ—่…บ็‚Ž (Suppurativa)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ€ฅๆ€ง็™ผไฝœ็š„่™•็ฝฎ (Acute Management of Flares)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้บป้†‰ (Anesthesia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…็ถๅ…ง็šฎ่ณช้กžๅ›บ้†‡ (Intralesional corticosteroids)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡้–‹่ˆ‡ๅผ•ๆต (Incision and drainage)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ่™•็ฝฎ (Postoperative management)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…็ถๅ…ง้กžๅ›บ้†‡ (Intralesional corticosteroids)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŽป้ ‚่ก“ (DEROOFING)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้บป้†‰ (Anesthesia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“ (Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ่™•็ฝฎ (Postoperative management)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ตๆžœ่ˆ‡ๅพฉ็™ผ็އ (Results and recurrence rate)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฑ€้ƒจๅˆ‡้™ค (LIMITED EXCISION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้บป้†‰ (Anesthesia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ปๅค–็ง‘ๆ‰‹่ก“ (Electrosurgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ่™•็ฝฎ (Postoperative management)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ตๆžœ่ˆ‡ๅพฉ็™ผ็އ (Results and recurrence rate)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ปๅค–็ง‘ๆ‰‹่ก“ (Electrosurgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅปฃๆณ›ๅˆ‡้™ค (Wide Excision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้บป้†‰ (Anesthesia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“ (Techniques)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ่™•็ฝฎ (Postoperative Management)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ตๆžœ่ˆ‡ๅพฉ็™ผ็އ (Results and Recurrence Rate)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…ถไป–ๆ‰‹่ก“่€ƒ้‡ (Additional Surgical Considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

V. COSMETIC DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY

Section 55: The Cosmetic Consultation

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ซฎ่ฉข (Consultation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆๆฌกๆŽฅ่งธ (FIRST CONTACT)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่จบๆ‰€็ฉบ้–“ (THE OFFICE)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆบ–ๅ‚™ (Preparation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฉ•ไผฐ (Evaluation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅปบ่ญฐ (Recommendations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ฃ็›ธ่™•็š„็—…ไบบ (The Difficult Patient)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่บซ้ซ”่‡†ๅฝข็—‡็—…ไบบ (Body Dysmorphic Patients)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้Žๅบฆ็„ฆๆ…ฎ็š„็—…ไบบ (The Overly Anxious Patient)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่จŽๅƒน้‚„ๅƒนๅž‹็—…ไบบ (The Haggler Patient)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ†คๆ€’ๅž‹็—…ไบบ (The Angry Patient)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 56: Dermabrasion

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“ (Dermabrasion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅพ’ๆ‰‹็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“่ˆ‡้›ป็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“ (Manual Dermabrasion and Electrobrasion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“ (Dermabrasion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“ๆญฅ้ฉŸ้€ๆญฅ่ชชๆ˜Ž (Dermabrasion Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹ๅ‹•็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (Manual Dermabrasion Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹ๅ‹•็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“ (Manual Dermabrasion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ป็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“ (Electrobrasion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ป็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœ (Electrobrasion Step-by-Step)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฏ”่ผƒๆ€ง่ฉฆ้ฉ— (Comparative Trials)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ๅฒ่ˆ‡่บซ้ซ”ๆชขๆŸฅ (History and Physical Examination)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰ๆบ–ๅ‚™่ˆ‡่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท (Preoperative Preparation and Postoperative Care)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“ (Dermabrasion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅพ’ๆ‰‹็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“ (Manual Dermabrasion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ป็‡’็ฃจ็šฎ่ก“ (Electrobrasion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 57: Neuromodulators

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
BTX ็š„็จฎ้กž (Types of BTX)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
BTX๏ผš็ตๆง‹่ˆ‡ๅŠŸ่ƒฝ (BTX: Structure and function)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฅž็ถ“่ชฟ็ฏ€ (Neuromodulation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅคšๆฑ—็—‡ (Hyperhidrosis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œŸ็šฎ้‡ๅก‘ (Dermal remodeling)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
BTX ็š„ๅ…็–ซๅญธ (The immunology of BTX)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
BTX ๆฒป็™‚็š„่‡จๅบŠๆ‡‰็”จ (CLINICAL APPLICATION OF BTX THERAPY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”ขๅ“้…่ฃฝ (Product preparation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่ฉ•ไผฐ (Preoperative assessment)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ’€ๅšผ่‚Œ (Masseters)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…ถไป–ๆ‡‰็”จ (Other Applications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็‰นๆฎŠ่€ƒ้‡ (Special Considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็™‚ๆ•ˆ่ˆ‡ไฝต็™ผ็—‡ (Outcomes and Complications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 58: Fillers and Injectable Implants

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆคๅ…ฅ็‰ฉ (Implants)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ซฎ่ฉข (Consultation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰ๆบ–ๅ‚™ (Preprocedure)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆณจๅฐ„ๆŠ€่ก“ (Injection techniques)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็›ธ้—œ่ก€็ฎก่งฃๅ‰– (Pertinent Vascular Anatomy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘็š„้ธๆ“‡ (Filler Selection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็Žปๅฐฟ้…ธ่ก็”Ÿ็‰ฉ (Hyaluronic Acid Derivatives)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่šๅทฆๆ—‹ไนณ้…ธ (Poly-L-Lactic Acid)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฐซๆฐงๅŸบ็ฃท็ฐ็Ÿณ้ˆฃ (Calcium Hydroxyapatite)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่š็”ฒๅŸบไธ™็ƒฏ้…ธ็”ฒ้…ฏ (Polymethylmethacrylate)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡ช้ซ”็บ–็ถญๆฏ็ดฐ่ƒž (Autologous fibroblasts)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่„‚่‚ช็งปๆค (Fat grafting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็Ÿฝ่†  (Silicone)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็Ÿฝ่†  โ€” ็ต่ซ– (Silicone โ€” CONCLUSIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 59: Ethnic and Gender Considerations in the Use of Facial Fillers

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡‰้ƒจๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ไฝฟ็”จไน‹่€ƒ้‡ (Considerations in the Use of Facial Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ƒŒๆ™ฏ (BACKGROUND)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ€งๅˆฅๅทฎ็•ฐ (SEX DIFFERENCES)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไบžๆดฒ่ก€็ตฑ็—…ไบบ (Patients of Asian ancestry)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้žๆดฒ่ฃ”็—…ไบบ (Patients of African ancestry)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฅฟ็ญ็‰™่ฃ”็—…ไบบ (Patients of Hispanic ancestry)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ซ˜ๅŠ ็ดข่ฃ”็—…ไบบ (Patients of Caucasian ancestry)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“ (TECHNIQUE)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Precise-Sculpt ๆŠ€่ก“ๆญ้… poly-L-lactic acid (Precise-Sculpt technique with poly-L-lactic acid)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ‹้ œๅž‚่‚‰็Ÿฏๆญฃ (Jowl Correction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“่ฆ่จฃ (Technique Pearls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธญ่‡‰้ƒจๅ›žๆ˜ฅ (Midface Rejuvenation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Hinderer ๆฐ็ทš็š„้‹็”จ (Use of Hindererโ€™s Lines)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ž่ฃ”็พŽๅœ‹ไบบ็—…ไบบ (African-American Patients)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไบžๆดฒ็—…ไบบ (Asian Patients)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”ทๆ€ง็—…ไบบ (Male Patients)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้™ท้˜ฑ (Pitfalls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Poly-L-Lactic Acid๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”ทๆ€ง็—…ไบบ (MALE PATIENTS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่šๅทฆๆ—‹ไนณ้…ธ (Poly-L-Lactic Acid)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 60: Liposuction

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญทๅฒ (History)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆขไปถ (Surgical Criteria)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่งฃๅ‰–ๅญธ๏ผš่„‚่‚ชๅฑค็š„้‡่ฆๆ€ง (Anatomy: Importance of Adipose Layers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
HDBC ้—œ้ตๆญฅ้ฉŸ (HDBC Key Steps)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฅ้ฉŸไบŒ:่…ซ่„น้บป้†‰ (Step 2: Tumescent anesthesia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฅ้ฉŸไธ‰:่„‚่‚ช็š„่ƒฝ้‡ๆฒป็™‚ (Step 3: Energy-based treatment of fat)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฅ้ฉŸๅ››:ๆŠฝๅ–่ˆ‡่„‚่‚ชๆŽก้›† (Step 4: Extraction and fat harvesting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฅ้ฉŸไบ”:ๆทบๅฑค่‚Œ่‚‰่•ๅˆป่ˆ‡ๅก‘ๅฝข (Step 5: Superficial muscular etching and defining)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฅ้ฉŸๅ…ญ:่„‚่‚ช็งปๆค (Step 6: Fat grafting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฅณๆ€ง้ซ”ๆ…‹ (Female physique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”ทๆ€ง้ซ”ๆ…‹ (MALE PHYSIQUE)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆ–นๆณ• (SURGICAL APPROACH)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”ทๆ€งๅ…จ่บซๅก‘ๅฝขๆ‰‹่ก“็š„ๅ…ธๅž‹ๅˆ†้šŽๆฎตๅฎ‰ๆŽ’ (Typical staging of a male full body contouring procedure)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท่ˆ‡่ฟฝ่นค (Postoperative after care and follow-up)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 61: Fat Transfer

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญทๅฒ (HISTORY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่ฉ•ไผฐ่ˆ‡่ฆๅŠƒ (Preoperative evaluation and planning)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบ้ธๆ“‡ (Patient selection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŽฅๅ—่‡‰้ƒจ่„‚่‚ช็งปๆค็š„็—…ไบบ (Patients for facial fat grafting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆจ™ๆบ–ๅŒ–ๆ”ๅฝฑ (Standardized photographs)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้†ซ็™‚่จฑๅฏ่ˆ‡ๆชขๆŸฅ (Medical clearance and testing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไพ›ๅ€้ธๆ“‡ (Donor site selection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่„‚่‚ชๆŽก้›† (Fat harvesting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไพ›ๅ€้บป้†‰ (Donor site anesthesia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่„‚่‚ช็งปๆคๆ‰€้œ€ๅ™จๆขฐ (Instruments for fat grafting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบๆบ–ๅ‚™ (Patient preparation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡ชๆณจๅฐ„ๅ™จๆŠฝ่„‚็‰ฉ่ƒๅ–่„‚่‚ช (Fat extraction from syringe lipoaspirate)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท (Postoperative care)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡‰้ƒจ่„‚่‚ช็งปๆค็š„ๅ‰ฏไฝœ็”จ (Side effects of facial fat transfer)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่„‚่‚ชๅ„ฒๅญ˜ (Fat storage)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 62: Hair Transplantation

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
็ท’่ซ– (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆŠ€่ก“ (TECHNIQUES)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบ้ธๆ“‡ (PATIENT SELECTION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฆๅฟŒ็—‡ (CONTRAINDICATIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ซฎ้š›็ทš่จญ่จˆ (HAIRLINE DESIGN)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰ๆบ–ๅ‚™ (Preoperative Preparation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฎ‰ๅ…จไพ›ๅ€ (Safe Donor Area)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไพ›ๅ€่จˆ็ฎ— (Donor area calculations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้บป้†‰ (Anesthesia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŽกๅ–ๆŠ€่ก“ (Harvesting Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฉŸๅ™จไบบ่ผ”ๅŠฉ FUE (Robot-assisted FUE)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็งปๆค้ซ”ๆบ–ๅ‚™ (Graft Preparation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ—ๅ€ (Recipient Site)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ—ๅ€ๅˆ‡ๅฃ (Recipient Site Incisions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅคงๅฐ (Size)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆทฑๅบฆ (Depth)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ง’ๅบฆ (Angle)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ–นๅ‘ (Direction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฏ†ๅบฆ (Density)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅนพไฝ•ๆŽ’ๅˆ— (Geometry)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆคๅ…ฅ (Implanting)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท (POSTOPERATIVE CARE)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 63: Lasers for Burns and Trauma

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‰ตๅ‚ท (Trauma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็คพๆœƒ็–พ็—…่ฒ ๆ“” (Societal disease burden)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบ่กๆ“Š (Patient impact)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็–ค็—•็š„็—…็†็”Ÿ็†ๅญธ (Pathophysiology of scars)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ ”็ฉถ็พๆณ (State of the Research)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่„ˆ่กๆŸ“ๆ–™้›ทๅฐ„ (Pulsed-Dye Laser)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ†ๆฎตๅผๅ…‰็†ฑๅˆ†่งฃ (Fractional Photothermolysis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่—ฅ็‰ฉๆฒป็™‚ (Pharmacotherapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
5-Fluorouracil (5-Fluorouracil)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็˜ข็—•ๅˆ‡้™ค่ˆ‡ไฟฎๆ•ด (Scar excision and revision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไพ‹ A ่ˆ‡็—…ไพ‹ B๏ผ‰ใ€‚55 (Cases A and B).55๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไพ‹ Aใ€‚้ข้ƒจ่‚ฅๅŽšๆ€ง็‡’ๅ‚ท็˜ข็—• (Case A. Hypertrophic Burn Scars of the Face)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไพ‹ Bใ€‚่ป€ๅนน่‚ฅๅŽšๆ€ง็‡’ๅ‚ท็˜ข็—• (Case B. Hypertrophic Burn Scars of the Trunk)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็‰นๆฎŠ่€ƒ้‡ (Special considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฎ˜็•™ๆฏ›็šฎ่„‚่…บๅ–ฎไฝ (Retained Pilosebaceous Units)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบๆœŸๆœ› (Patient Expectations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็–ค็—•่ฉ•ไผฐ (Scar Assessment)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็‰ฉ็†็‰นๆ€ง (Physical Characteristics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ทๅฐ„ๅฎ‰ๅ…จ (Laser Safety)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก€็ฎก็š„้ธๆ“‡ๆ€งๅ…‰็†ฑๅˆ†่งฃ (Selective Photothermolysis of Vasculature)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก€็ฎก็š„้ธๆ“‡ๆ€งๅ…‰็†ฑๅˆ†่งฃ โ€” ็ฌฌ 2 ้ƒจๅˆ† (Selective Photothermolysis of Vasculature โ€” Part 2)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไพ‹ C๏ผš้†ซๆบๆ€งๅขž็”Ÿๆ€ง็–ค็—• (Case C. Iatrogenic Hypertrophic Scarring)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไพ‹ D๏ผšๅ‰ตๅ‚ทๆ€งๅขž็”Ÿๆ€ง็–ค็—• (Case D. Traumatic Hypertrophic Scarring)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅคšๆจกๅผๆฒป็™‚ๆณ• (Multimodal approach)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 64: Lasers for Vascular Lesions

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…็ถ (Lesions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‘ก่„้…’่‰ฒๆ–‘ (Port-wine stains)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‘ก่„้…’่‰ฒๆ–‘ (Port-Wine Stains)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅพฎ่ก€็ฎกๆ“ดๅผต (Telangiectasias)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฌฐๅ…’ๆœŸ่ก€็ฎก็˜ค (Hemangiomas of infancy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅพฎ่ก€็ฎกๆ“ดๅผตใ€้…’็ณŸ่ˆ‡็€ฐๆผซๆ€ง็ด…ๆ–‘ (Telangiectasias, Rosacea, and Diffuse Erythema)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฌฐๅ…’ๆœŸ่ก€็ฎก็˜ค (Hemangiomas of Infancy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่…ฟ้ƒจ้œ่„ˆ (Leg veins)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่…ฟ้ƒจ้œ่„ˆ (Leg Veins)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 65: Lasers for Pigmented Lesions and Tattoos

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…็ถ่ˆ‡ๅˆบ้’ (Lesions and Tattoos)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŸบๆœฌ่€ƒ้‡ (FUNDAMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบ้ธๆ“‡ (PATIENT SELECTION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฎ‰ๅ…จ่ˆ‡็—…ไบบๆบ–ๅ‚™ (SAFETY AND PATIENT PREPARATION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆบ้’ (Tattoos)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฅˆ็ง’็ดš QS ้›ทๅฐ„ (Nanosecond QS lasers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ็ง’็ดš้›ทๅฐ„ (Picosecond lasers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡จๅบŠ่€ƒ้‡ (Clinical considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‰ฒ็ด ๆ€ง็—…็ถ (PIGMENTED LESIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่กจ็šฎ็—…่ฎŠ (Epidermal Lesions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›€ๆ–‘ๆจฃ็—ฃ่ˆ‡้›€ๆ–‘ (Lentigines and Ephelides)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ’–ๅ•ก็‰›ๅฅถๆ–‘่ˆ‡ๆ–‘็—ฃ (Cafรฉ-au-lait Macules and Nevus Spilus)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆททๅˆๆ€ง็œŸ็šฎ-่กจ็šฎ็—…่ฎŠ (Mixed Dermalโ€“Epidermal Lesions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็™ผ็‚ŽๅพŒ่‰ฒ็ด ๆฒ‰่‘— (Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ป‘ๆ–‘ (Melasma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฒๅ…‹ๆฐๆฏๆ–‘ (Beckerโ€™s nevus)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ป‘่‰ฒ็ด ็ดฐ่ƒžๆฏๆ–‘ (Melanocytic nevi)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œŸ็šฎ็—…็ถ (Dermal lesions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅคช็”ฐๆฏๆ–‘ใ€ไผŠ่—คๆฏๆ–‘่ˆ‡ Hori ๆฐๆฏๆ–‘ (Nevus of Ota, Ito, and Hori)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท (Postoperative care)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 66: Laser- and Light-Based Approaches to Hair Removal

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้™คๆฏ›ๆ–นๆณ• (Approaches to Hair Removal)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ƒŒๆ™ฏ (Background)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠ€่ก“็š„ๆญทๅฒ่ˆ‡ๆผ”้€ฒ (History and Evolution of Technology)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไฝœ็”จๆฉŸ่ฝ‰ (Mechanism of Action)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ทๅฐ„้™คๆฏ›ๆ–นๆณ• (LASER HAIR REDUCTION METHODS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบ้ธๆ“‡่ˆ‡ๅฎ‰ๅ…จ (PATIENT SELECTION AND SAFETY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆบ–ๅ‚™ (PREPARATION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Alexandrite ้›ทๅฐ„ (Alexandrite laser)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Diode ้›ทๅฐ„ (Diode)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Nd:YAG ้›ทๅฐ„ (Nd:YAG)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅผท่„ˆ่กๅ…‰ (Intense pulsed light)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ่™•็ฝฎ (POSTPROCEDURE)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…ถไป–ๆŠ€่ก“๏ผšๅฐ„้ ป่ˆ‡ๅพฎๆณข (OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: RADIOFREQUENCY AND MICROWAVES)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฐ„้ ป้™คๆฏ› (Radiofrequency hair reduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅพฎๆณข้™คๆฏ› (Microwave hair reduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 67: Laser Resurfacing

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆถˆ่žๆ€ง้žๅˆ†ๆฎต้›ทๅฐ„ (Ablative Nonfractionated Lasers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้žๆถˆ่žๆ€ง้žๅˆ†ๆฎต้›ทๅฐ„ (Nonablative Nonfractionated Lasers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้žๆถˆ่žๆ€งๅˆ†ๆฎต้›ทๅฐ„ (Nonablative Fractional Laser)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆถˆ่žๆ€งๅˆ†ๆฎต้›ทๅฐ„ (Ablative Fractionated Lasers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฐ„้ ป (Radiofrequency)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท (Postprocedure Care)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 68: Body-Contouring Devices and Noninvasive Fat Removal

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฃ็ฝฎ่ˆ‡้žไพตๅ…ฅๆ€ง่„‚่‚ช็งป้™ค (Devices and Noninvasive Fat Removal)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ†ทๅ‡ๆบถ่„‚ (CRYOLIPOLYSIS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ซ˜ๅผทๅบฆ่š็„ฆ่ถ…้Ÿณๆณข (HIGH-INTENSITY FOCUSED ULTRASOUND)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไฝŽ่ƒฝ้‡้›ทๅฐ„ๆฒป็™‚ (LOW-LEVEL LASER THERAPY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ซ˜็†ฑ้›ทๅฐ„ใ€ๅฐ„้ ป่ˆ‡็ด…ๅค–็ทš้›ทๅฐ„ (Hyperthermic Lasers, Radiofrequency, and Infrared Lasers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 69: Laser- and Light-Based Approaches to Hair Loss

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆމ้ซฎ็š„่™•็ฝฎๆ–นๅผ (Approaches to Hair Loss)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ƒŒๆ™ฏ (BACKGROUND)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆๅ‡บ็š„ๆฉŸๅˆถ (PROPOSED MECHANISMS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡จๅบŠ็™‚ๆ•ˆ (CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฎ‰ๅ…จๆ€ง่ˆ‡ไธ่‰ฏไบ‹ไปถ (Safety and Adverse Events)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฃ็ฝฎ (Devices)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 70: Photodynamic Therapy for Acne, Actinic Keratoses, and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญทๅฒ (History)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†šๅ…‰ๆ•ๅŠ‘ (Cutaneous Photosensitizers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไฝœ็”จๆฉŸ่ฝ‰ (Mechanism of Action)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฒป็™‚ๅ‰่€ƒ้‡ (Pretreatment Considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…‰ๆบ่ˆ‡้›ทๅฐ„้ธๆ“‡ (Light and laser selection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ทๅฐ„่ผ”ๅŠฉ่—ฅ็‰ฉๅ‚ณ้ž (Laser-assisted drug delivery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ—ฅๅ…‰ๅ…‰ๅ‹•ๅŠ›็™‚ๆณ• (Daylight PDT)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒๆณจๆ„ไบ‹้ … (Postoperative considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…‰ๅŒ–ๆ€ง่ง’ๅŒ–็—‡่ˆ‡้ž้ป‘่‰ฒ็ด ็˜ค็šฎ่†š็™Œ (Actinic keratoses and nonmelanoma skin cancers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
PDT ็š„็พŽๅฎน้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Aesthetic indications for PDT)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆœชไพ†ๆ–นๅ‘ (FUTURE DIRECTIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 71: Laser- and Light-Based Treatments in Skin of Color

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆœ‰่‰ฒ็šฎ่†š็š„ๆฒป็™‚ (Treatments in Skin of Color)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ—ฅๅ…‰ๆ€ง้ป‘ๅญ่ˆ‡้›€ๆ–‘ (Solar Lentigines and Freckles)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก€็ฎกๆ€ง็—…็ถ็š„ๆฒป็™‚ (Treatment of Vascular Lesions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฃ็ฝฎ้ธๆ“‡่ˆ‡้›ทๅฐ„ๅƒๆ•ธ (Device Selection and Laser Parameters)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ทๅฐ„ๆฒป็™‚ๅพŒ่‘ก่„้…’่‰ฒๆ–‘็š„ๅพฉ็™ผ (Recurrence of PWS after laser treatment)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅขž็”Ÿๆ€ง่ก€็ฎก็˜ค็š„้›ทๅฐ„ๆฒป็™‚ (Laser treatment of proliferative hemangiomas)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆœชไพ†ๆ–นๅ‘ (Future directions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‰้›ขๅผใ€้žๅ‰้›ขๅผ่ˆ‡ๅˆ†ๆฌก็šฎ่†š็ฃจ็šฎ (ABLATIVE, NONABLATIVE, AND FRACTIONAL SKIN RESURFACING)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ซ”ๆ…‹้›•ๅก‘ (BODY CONTOURING)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ซ˜ๅผทๅบฆ่š็„ฆ่ถ…้Ÿณๆณข (High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ†ทๅ‡ๆบถ่„‚ (Cryolipolysis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ทๅฐ„ (Laser)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 72: Sclerotherapy and Management of Varicose Veins

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้œ่„ˆๆ›ฒๅผต็š„่™•็ฝฎ (Management of Varicose Veins)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่งฃๅ‰–ๅญธ่€ƒ้‡ (Anatomical Considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฆๅฟŒ็—‡ (Contraindications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆชขๆŸฅ่ฉ•ไผฐ (Workup)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็กฌๅŒ–ๅŠ‘่ˆ‡็กฌๅŒ–ๆฒป็™‚ (Sclerosants and Sclerotherapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่ฉ•ไผฐ (Preoperative Evaluation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆณกๆฒซ็กฌๅŒ–ๆฒป็™‚็™‚็จ‹ (Foam Sclerotherapy Session)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท (Postoperative Care)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆทบๅฑค่ก€ๆ “ๆ€ง้œ่„ˆ็‚Ž (Superficial Thrombophlebitis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆทฑๅฑค้œ่„ˆ่ก€ๆ “ (Deep Vein Thrombosis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฆ–่ฆบ่ˆ‡ๅ…ถไป–็ฅž็ถ“ๅญธ้šœ็ค™ (Visual and Other Neurologic Disturbances)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ˆ‡้›ทๅฐ„ไฝต็”จ (Combination with Lasers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 73: Blepharoplasty

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
็ท’่ซ– (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่งฃๅ‰–ๅญธ (Anatomy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฉ•ไผฐ (Evaluation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰่ฆๅŠƒ (Preoperative Planning)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆŠ€่ก“ (Technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธŠ็œผ็žผๆ•ดๅฝข่ก“ (UPPER LID BLEPHAROPLASTY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ‹็œผ็žผๆ•ดๅฝข่ก“ (LOWER LID BLEPHAROPLASTY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท (POSTOPERATIVE CARE)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท โ€” ็ฌฌ 2 ้ƒจๅˆ† (POSTOPERATIVE CARE โ€” Part 2)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธŠ็œผ็žผๆ•ดๅฝข่ก“ (Upper Eyelid Blepharoplasty)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ‹็œผ็žผๆ•ดๅฝข่ก“ (Lower eyelid blepharoplasty)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ็œ‰่ก“ (Brow Lift)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฉๆฅตๆ€ง่„‚่‚ช็งป้™ค (Aggressive Fat Removal)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ซ”็ฉ่ฃœๅ……่ˆ‡ๆณจๆ„ไบ‹้ … (Volume Replacement and Cautions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่นผ็‹€็•ธๅฝข (Webbing)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ต่†œๆฐด่…ซ (Conjunctival Chemosis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็žผๅค–็ฟป (Ectropion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 74: Facelift

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‹‰็šฎๆ‰‹่ก“้บป้†‰ (Facelift anesthesia)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฅๅบท็—…ๅฒ (Health history)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไบบๆœŸๆœ› (Patient expectations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅ‰ๆจ™่จ˜ (Preoperative marking)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่งฃๅ‰–่€ƒ้‡ (Anatomic considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ฆๅŠƒ (Planning)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฅ้ฉŸไธ€:ไธญ็ทš้ ธ้—Š่‚Œๆˆๅฝข่ก“ (Step one: Midline platysmaplasty)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฅ้ฉŸไบŒ:่€ณๅ‰่ˆ‡่€ณๅพŒๅˆ‡ๅฃ (Step two: Pre- and postauricular incisions)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฅ้ฉŸไธ‰:็šฎ็“ฃๅˆ†้›ข (Step three: Flap dissection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฅ้ฉŸๅ››:่™•็†้ ธ้—Š่‚Œ่ˆ‡SMAS (Step four: Addressing the platysma and SMAS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฅ้ฉŸไบ”:็šฎ่†šๅˆ‡ๅ›ž่ˆ‡่€ณๅž‚ๅˆ†ๅ‡บ (Step five: Skin cutbacks and lobe delivery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฅ้ฉŸๅ…ญ:็šฎ่†šๅˆ‡้™ค (Step six: Skin excision)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฅ้ฉŸไธƒ:็šฎ่†š้–‰ๅˆ (Step seven: Skin closure)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญฅ้ฉŸๅ…ซ:่ก“ๅพŒ่™•็ฝฎๆต็จ‹ (Step eight: Postprocedure protocol)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ่™•็ฝฎ (Postoperative treatment)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‹‰็šฎ่ก“ๅพŒไฝต็™ผ็—‡ (Post-Facelift complications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

VI. MANAGEMENT OF COSMETIC CONDITIONS

Section 75: Approaches to Facial Wrinkles and Contouring

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šบ็ด‹่ˆ‡่ผชๅป“ๅก‘้€  (Wrinkles and Contouring)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘่ˆ‡่‚‰ๆฏ’ๆกฟ่Œๆฏ’็ด ็จฎ้กž (FILLER AND BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPES)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘้ธๆ“‡่€ƒ้‡ (FILLER SELECTION CONSIDERATIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆณจๆ„ไบ‹้ …ใ€่ฆ่จฃ่ˆ‡้™ท้˜ฑ (Precautions, pearls, and pitfalls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็œ‰้ƒจ (Eyebrows)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‚‰ๆฏ’ๆกฟ่Œๆฏ’็ด  (Botulinum toxin)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆณจๆ„ไบ‹้ …ใ€่จฃ็ซ…่ˆ‡้™ท้˜ฑ (Precautions, pearls, and pitfalls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Filler)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‚‰ๆฏ’ๆกฟ่Œๆฏ’็ด  (Botulinum toxin)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆณจๆ„ไบ‹้ …ใ€่ฆ่จฃ่ˆ‡้™ท้˜ฑ (Precautions, pearls, and pitfalls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ผป้ƒจ (The Nose)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‚‰ๆฏ’ๆกฟ่Œๆฏ’็ด  (Botulinum toxin)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indication)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆณจๆ„ไบ‹้ …ใ€่ฆ่จฃ่ˆ‡้™ท้˜ฑ (Precautions, pearls, and pitfalls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‚‰ๆฏ’ๆกฟ่Œ็ด  (Botulinum toxin)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆณจๆ„ไบ‹้ …ใ€่ฆ่จฃ่ˆ‡้™ท้˜ฑ (Precautions, pearls, and pitfalls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆณจๆ„ไบ‹้ …ใ€่ฆ่จฃ่ˆ‡้™ท้˜ฑ (Precautions, pearls, and pitfalls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‚‰ๆฏ’ๆกฟ่Œๆฏ’็ด  (Botulinum toxin)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ฉๆ‡‰็—‡ (Indications)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆณจๆ„ไบ‹้ …ใ€่ฆ่จฃ่ˆ‡้™ท้˜ฑ (Precautions, pearls, and pitfalls)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 76: Approaches to Dyspigmentation

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‰ฒ็ด ็•ฐๅธธ (Dyspigmentation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‰ฒ็ด ้šœ็ค™็š„ๅˆ†้กž (Classification of Dyschromias)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฃ•่‰ฒ่‰ฒ็ด ้Žๅบฆๆฒ‰่‘— (Brown Hypermelanosis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่—่‰ฒ่‰ฒ็ด ้Žๅบฆๆฒ‰่‘— (Blue Hypermelanosis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ป‘่‰ฒ็ด ๆฒ‰่‘—็—‡๏ผ้ปƒ่คๆ–‘ (MELASMA)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ปƒ่คๆ–‘็š„ๅˆ†ๅธƒๅž‹ๆ…‹ (Melasma Patterns)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ปƒ่คๆ–‘็š„ๅˆ†้กž (Melasma Types)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆททๅˆๅž‹๏ผš้ป‘่‰ฒ็ด ๅŒๆ™‚ๅญ˜ๅœจๆ–ผ่กจ็šฎ่ˆ‡็œŸ็šฎ (Mixed: Melanin is present both in epidermis and dermis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็™ผ็‚ŽๅพŒ่‰ฒ็ด ๆฒ‰่‘— (POSTINFLAMMATORY HYPERPIGMENTATION)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡จๅบŠ่กจ็พ (Clinical Manifestations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฐซ้†Œ (Hydroquinone)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ป‘ๆ–‘็š„่™•็ฝฎ้ธ้ … (Options for Management of Melasma)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้†ซๅญธ็พŽๅฎนไฟ้คŠๅ“ (Cosmeceuticals)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Rucinol (Rucinol)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅธ‚ๅ”ฎๅŽป่‰ฒ็ด ่ฃฝๅŠ‘ (Commercially available depigmenting agents)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้กž่ฆ–้ปƒ้†‡็™‚ๆณ• (Retinoid therapies)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ‚ณๆ˜Ž้…ธ (Tranexamic acid)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่™•็ฝฎๆ€ง็™‚ๆณ• (PROCEDURAL THERAPIES)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŒ–ๅญธๆ›่†š (Chemical peels)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ‰ๆฐฏ้†‹้…ธๆ›่†š (Trichloroacetic acid peel)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Jessner ๆ›่†š (Jessnerโ€™s peel)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ค‡ๅˆๅผๆ›่†š (Combination peels)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ–ฐๅž‹ๆ›่†š (Newer peels)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่„ˆ่กๅ…‰ (Intense pulsed light)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่„ˆ่กๆŸ“ๆ–™้›ทๅฐ„ (Pulsed-dye laser)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ†ๆฎตๅผ้›ทๅฐ„ (Fractional lasers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 77: Approaches to Erythema and Telangiectasias

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ƒŒๆ™ฏ (Background)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่จŽ่ซ– (Discussion)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้€ๆญฅๆ“ไฝœๆŒ‡ๅผ• (STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅพฎ่ก€็ฎกๆ“ดๅผต (Telangiectasias)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Civatte ็šฎ่†š็•ฐ่‰ฒ็—‡ (Poikiloderma of Civatte)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 78: Approaches to Facial Rejuvenation

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ›žๆ˜ฅ (Rejuvenation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŒ–ๅญธๆ›่†š (CHEMICAL PEELS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Salicylic acid ๆบถๆถฒ (Salicylic acid solution)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Glycolic acid ๆบถๆถฒ (Glycolic acid solution)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
Jessnerโ€™s ๆบถๆถฒ (Jessnerโ€™s solution)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไธ‰ๆฐฏ้†‹้…ธๆบถๆถฒ (Trichloroacetic acid solution)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้…šๅŸบๆบถๆถฒ (Phenol-based solution)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็šฎ่†š็‰นๆ€ง (Skin characteristics)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฏฆ่ญ‰ๆ‰‹่ก“ๆŠ€่ก“่€ƒ้‡ (Evidence-based surgical technique considerations)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้€ๆญฅๅŒ–ๅญธๆ›่†šๆ“ไฝœๆต็จ‹ (Step-by-Step Chemical Peeling Protocol)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—ค็˜ก (Acne)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—ค็˜ก โ€” ็ฌฌไบŒ้ƒจๅˆ† (Acne โ€” Part 2)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้›ทๅฐ„่ˆ‡ๅ…‰็…ง็‚บๅŸบ็คŽ็š„ๆฒป็™‚ (Laser- and Light-Based Treatment)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…จๅ ดๅ„€ๅ™จ (Full-Field Devices)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ไพๆฒป็™‚้ƒจไฝ่€Œๅฎš็š„ๆณจๆ„ไบ‹้ … (Cautions Based on Treatment Site)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ†ๆฌกๅผ้›ทๅฐ„ (Fractionated Lasers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 79: Approaches to Neck Rejuvenation

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ›žๆ˜ฅ (Rejuvenation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ ธ้ƒจ่งฃๅ‰– (NECK ANATOMY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅนด่ผ•็š„้ ธ้ƒจ (The youthful neck)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่€ๅŒ–็š„้ ธ้ƒจ (The aged neck)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฒป็™‚็†ๅฟต (Treatment philosophy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่—ฅๅฆๅ“ (Cosmeceuticals)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ฅž็ถ“ๆฏ’็ด  (Neurotoxin)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ (Fillers)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ†ทๅ‡ๆบถ่„‚ (Cryolipolysis)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŽปๆฐง่†ฝ้…ธ้ˆ‰ (Sodium deoxycholate)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅพฎ้‡ (Microneedling)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ƒฝ้‡่ฃ็ฝฎ (Energy devices)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆŠฝ่„‚่ก“ (Liposuction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็ธซ็ทš (Sutures)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹่ก“ (Surgery)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆไฝต่ก“ๅผ (Combination procedures)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 80: Approaches to Hand Rejuvenation

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅ‰่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ›žๆ˜ฅ (Rejuvenation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹้ƒจ็š„่€ๅŒ– (Aging of the Hand)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹้ƒจๅ›žๆ˜ฅ็š„่™•็ฝฎๅ–ๅ‘ (Approach to Hand Rejuvenation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹้ƒจ่งฃๅ‰– (Hand Anatomy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฎน็ฉๅ›žๅพฉ (Volume Restoration)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅกซๅ……ๅŠ‘ๆณจๅฐ„ (Filler Injections)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้ˆฃ็พฅๅŸบ็ฃท็ฐ็Ÿณ (Calcium Hydroxyapatite)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็Žปๅฐฟ้…ธ (Hyaluronic Acid)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่šๅทฆๆ—‹ไนณ้…ธ (Poly-L-lactic acid)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่‡ช้ซ”่„‚่‚ช็งปๆค (Autologous Fat Transfer)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฏ่ฆ‹้œ่„ˆ็š„ๆฒป็™‚ (Treatment of Visible Veins)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็กฌๅŒ–ๆฒป็™‚ (Sclerotherapy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก€็ฎกๅ…ง้›ทๅฐ„ๆถˆ่ž่ก“่ˆ‡้œ่„ˆๅˆ‡้™ค่ก“ (Endovenous laser ablation and phlebectomy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅ…‰็™‚ๆณ• (LIGHT-BASED THERAPIES)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฐ„้ ป (Radiofrequency)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅŒ–ๅญธๆ›่†š (Chemical Peels)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ‰‹้ƒจๅ›žๆ˜ฅ็š„ๅˆไฝตๆฒป็™‚ (Combination Treatments for Hand Rejuvenation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ

Section 81: Approaches to Female Genital Rejuvenation

ไธป้กŒๅŽŸๆ–‡็ฟป่ญฏ็ฒพ่ฏ
ๅผ•่จ€ (Introduction)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”Ÿๆฎ–ๅ™จๅ›žๆ˜ฅ (Genital Rejuvenation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆญทๅฒ (HISTORY)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็”Ÿๆฎ–ๅ™จๅ›žๆ˜ฅ็—…ไบบไน‹่™•็ฝฎๆ–นๅผ (APPROACH TO THE GENITAL REJUVENATION PATIENT)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่งฃๅ‰–ๆง‹้€  (Anatomy)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆ”ๅฝฑ่ˆ‡ๆบ–ๅ‚™ (Photography and Preparation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฅ”ๅฝขๅˆ‡้™ค่ก“ไน‹ๆจ™่จ˜ (Markings for wedge resection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้‚Š็ทฃไฟฎๅ‰ชๅˆ‡้™ค่ก“ไน‹ๆจ™่จ˜ (Markings for edge trim resection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅฑ€้ƒจๆณจๅฐ„ (Local injection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅˆ‡้™ค (Resection)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆฅ”ๅฝขๅˆ‡้™คๆŠ€่ก“ (Wedge resection technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้‚Š็ทฃๅˆ‡้™คๆŠ€่ก“ (Edge resection technique)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
่ก“ๅพŒ็…ง่ญท (Aftercare)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๅคง้™ฐๅ”‡ (Labia Majora)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็‰นๆฎŠ่€ƒ้‡ (SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้™ฐ้˜œ่ˆ‡ๅคง้™ฐๅ”‡็š„้ซ”็ฉๆ“ดๅขž (Volume Augmentation of the Mons Pubis and Labia Majora)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
็—…ไพ‹ 81-1 (Case 81-1)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
้žไพตๅ…ฅๆ€ง้™ฐ้“ๅ›žๆ˜ฅ (Noninvasive vaginal rejuvenation)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ
ๆกˆไพ‹ 81-3 (Case 81-3)๐Ÿ“–๐ŸŒโญ