๐ ็ธฝ็ฎ้ ๏ฝ ๐ ่ฑๆๅๆ๏ผๆฌ็ฏ๏ผ ๏ฝ ๐ ๅฎๆด็ฟป่ญฏ ๏ฝ โญ ็ฒพ่ฏ็ญ่จ
HISTORY
HISTORY
Modern surgical techniques for reduction of the labia minora were first described in the 1970s and 1980s,2,3 and most techniques represented variations of trimming the distal edge of the labia minora. It was not until 1998 that Gary Alter, a plastic surgeon and urologist, described a modified wedge procedure for labia minora reduction in response to undesirable complications such as irregular scar deformities and decreased labia minora sensitivity. The wedge technique preserves the natural edge contour and pigmentation of the labia minora.4
There has been an exponential increase in the demand for aesthetic female genital surgery over the past decades. Plastic surgery statistics in the United States show continued double-digit percentage increases in labiaplasty procedures since 2007, with a 400% increase between 2011 and 2015.5 More than 8,700 labiaplasties were performed in 2015 by plastic surgeons alone, and actual national numbers are much higher as many procedures are performed by gynecologists, urologists, and dermatologic surgeons as well.
The increased popularity of aesthetic vaginal procedures can be attributed to several factors including a change in pubic hair grooming habits (less hair leading to more visibility of the underlying anatomy);6 media portrayal of a prepubescent vulvar appearance as the norm; and the rise of the Internet as an anonymous resource for women to explore options in vaginal rejuvenation.
Motivational factors are based on a combination of appearance and functional discomfort. A recent study from the Netherlands found emotional discomfort regarding self-appearance in social and sexual relationships to be the most prevalent motivation for women considering labial reduction surgery on online communities, regardless of age and national background. Functional discomfort (chafing and invagination during intercourse) ranked second among reasons women seek labiaplasty.7