๐ ็ธฝ็ฎ้ ๏ฝ ๐ ่ฑๆๅๆ๏ผๆฌ็ฏ๏ผ ๏ฝ ๐ ๅฎๆด็ฟป่ญฏ ๏ฝ โญ ็ฒพ่ฏ็ญ่จ
Needles
Needles
INTRODUCTION
Over the past several decades, suture materials have improved dramatically. Three thousand years ago, suture materials were composed of easily processed plant or animal materials affixed to bone or metal. In the middle ages, suture material made from sheepโs intestine was introduced, and sterile catgut suture was first used in 1906. In the mid to late 20th century, advances in chemistry and manufacturing led to the production of the first synthetic sutures, and the availability of swaged needles over the past few decades has improved safety for both patient and surgeon while improving operative efficiency.